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The Korean Society of Phycology (한국조류학회(藻類))
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Quantitative detection of Pythium porphyrae and Pythium chondricola (Oomycota), the causative agents of red rot disease in Pyropia farms in China

  • Jie Liu (Tianjin Key Lab of Aqua-Ecology and Aquaculture, Department of Fishery Science, Tianjin Agricultural University) ;
  • Sudong Xia (Tianjin Key Lab of Aqua-Ecology and Aquaculture, Department of Fishery Science, Tianjin Agricultural University) ;
  • Huichao Yang (State Key Laboratory of Mariculture Biobreeding and Sustainable Goods, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences) ;
  • Zhaolan Mo (State Key Laboratory of Mariculture Biobreeding and Sustainable Goods, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences) ;
  • Jie Li (State Key Laboratory of Mariculture Biobreeding and Sustainable Goods, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences) ;
  • Yongwei Yan (State Key Laboratory of Mariculture Biobreeding and Sustainable Goods, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences)
  • Received : 2024.05.27
  • Accepted : 2024.08.26
  • Published : 2024.09.23
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Abstract

Red rot disease is one of the notorious algal diseases that threaten the cultivation of Pyropia in China, and two Pythium pathogens, i.e., Pythium porphyrae and P. chondricola, have been reported as causative agents. To monitor the pathogens, a fluorescent quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method was developed to quantitatively detect their abundance. Using overlapping PCR and pathogen-specific primer pairs, two pathogen-specific fragments were concatenated to construct an internal standard plasmid, which was used for quantification. For zoospores of known numbers, the results showed that this method can detect as less as 100 and 10 zoospores mL-1 in a 200 mL solution for P. porphyrae and P. chondricola, respectively. Using monthly collected seawater at 10 sites in Haizhou Bay, a typical aquaculture farm in China, a significantly higher temperature and a significantly lower salinity were determined in December 2021. P. porphyrae was determined to be more abundant than P. chondricola, though with similar temporal distribution patterns from December 2021 to February 2022. When a red rot disease occurred in December 2021, the two pathogens were significantly more abundant at two infected sub-sites than the uninfected sub-site within both seawater and sediment, though they were all significantly more enriched in sediment than in seawater. The present method provides the capability to quantify and compare the abundance of two pathogens and also has the potential to forecast the occurrence of red rot disease, which is of much significance in managing and controlling the disease.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

This work was funded by National Key Research and Development Program of China (2023YFD2400704), China Agriculture Research System of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs (CARS-50), and Key Scientific Research Project Universities and Colleges in Tianjin (2022ZD004).

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