Journal of Korea Water Resources Association (한국수자원학회논문집)

Korea Water Resources Association (한국수자원학회)
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Utilizing deep learning algorithm and high-resolution precipitation product to predict water level variability

고해상도 강우자료와 딥러닝 알고리즘을 활용한 수위 변동성 예측

  • Han, Heechan (Department of Civil Engineering, Chosun University) ;
  • Kang, Narae (Department of Hydro Science and Engineering Research, Korea Institute of Civil Engineering and Building Technology) ;
  • Yoon, Jungsoo (Department of Hydro Science and Engineering Research, Korea Institute of Civil Engineering and Building Technology) ;
  • Hwang, Seokhwan (Department of Hydro Science and Engineering Research, Korea Institute of Civil Engineering and Building Technology)
  • 한희찬 (조선대학교 토목공학과) ;
  • 강나래 (한국건설기술연구원 수자원하천연구본부) ;
  • 윤정수 (한국건설기술연구원 수자원하천연구본부) ;
  • 황석환 (한국건설기술연구원 수자원하천연구본부)
  • Received : 2024.04.04
  • Accepted : 2024.06.25
  • Published : 2024.07.31
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Abstract

Flood damage is becoming more serious due to the heavy rainfall caused by climate change. Physically based hydrological models have been utilized to predict stream water level variability and provide flood forecasting. Recently, hydrological simulations using machine learning and deep learning algorithms based on nonlinear relationships between hydrological data have been getting attention. In this study, the Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) algorithm is used to predict the water level of the Seomjin River watershed. In addition, Climate Prediction Center morphing method (CMORPH)-based gridded precipitation data is applied as input data for the algorithm to overcome for the limitations of ground data. The water level prediction results of the LSTM algorithm coupling with the CMORPH data showed that the mean CC was 0.98, RMSE was 0.07 m, and NSE was 0.97. It is expected that deep learning and remote data can be used together to overcome for the shortcomings of ground observation data and to obtain reliable prediction results.

기후변화로 인한 집중호우의 발생으로 홍수 피해가 심각해지고 있다. 하천의 수위 변동성을 예측하고 신속한 홍수 예·경보를 위해 물리적 기반의 수문 모형이 활용됐다. 최근에는 수문 데이터 간의 비선형적인 관계를 기반으로 머신러닝, 딥러닝 알고리즘을 활용한 수문 모의가 주목받고 있다. 본 연구에서는 Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) 알고리즘을 활용하여 섬진강 수계의 하천 수위를 예측하고자 한다. 또한 Climate Prediction Center morphing method (CMORPH) 기반의 격자형 강우 자료를 알고리즘의 입력자료로 적용하여 지상 데이터의 한계를 보완하고자 한다. CMORPH 데이터와 LSTM 알고리즘을 결합한 모형의 수위 예측 결과는 평균 CC가 0.98, RMSE는 0.07 m, 그리고 NSE는 0.97로 나타났다. 향후 딥러닝과 원격자료를 활용하여 수위 예측을 수행한다면 지상 관측 데이터의 단점을 보완하고, 신뢰도 높은 예측 결과를 얻을 수 있을 것으로 기대되는 바이다.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

이 논문은 행정안전부 기후변화대응 AI 기반 풍수해 위험도 예측기술개발 사업의 지원을 받아 수행된 연구임(2022-MOIS61-002).

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