Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology

The Korean Society of Wood Science & Technology (한국목재공학회)
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Improving the Calorific Value of Nyamplung (Calophyllum inophyllum L.) Seed Shell Pellets by Torrefaction Treatment for Their Use as a Renewable Energy Resource

  • Johanes Pramana Gentur SUTAPA (Department of Forest Product Technology, Faculty of Forestry, Universitas Gadjah Mada) ;
  • Geraldy KIANTA (Alumni of Faculty of Forestry, Universitas Gadjah Mada) ;
  • Budi LEKSONO (Research Center for Applied Botany, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN)) ;
  • Ahmad Harun HIDAYATULLAH (Alumni of Master of Forest Science Faculty of Forestry, Universitas Gadjah Mada)
  • Received : 2024.03.20
  • Accepted : 2024.04.28
  • Published : 2024.07.25
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Abstract

Nyamplung (Calophyllum inophyllum L.) seeds, which account for 40% of the fruit, have been used as a raw material for biofuels, and the seed shells remaining after their extraction are wasted. In this study, we investigated the potential of waste Nyamplung seed shells in the form of pellets as a biomass energy resource. A completely randomized research design was implemented to evaluate the effects of torrefaction and heat treatment on the quality of produced pellets. Two observed treatments, namely, particle size (0.18-0.25, 0.25-0.43, and 0.43-0.84 mm) and torrefaction temperature (200℃, 225℃, and 250℃), were investigated. Our results showed that the calorific value of torrefied Nyamplung seed-shell pellets ranged from 4,245.60 to 4,528.00 cal/g, fulfilling the Indonesia Nasional Standard (≥ 4,000 cal/g). The quality of pellets were the best when produced from raw materials with a particle size of 0.18-0.25 mm and torrefaction temperature of 225℃. Thus, we concluded that waste Nyamplung seed shells are a good raw material for the production of pellets.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

We sincerely thank the Faculty of Forestry of Universitas Gadjah Mada, especially the Laboratory of Bioenergy and Biomaterial Conversion, for supporting our study.

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