말소리와 음성과학 (Phonetics and Speech Sciences)

  • 제16권2호
  • /
  • Pages.19-27
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  • 2024
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  • 2005-8063(pISSN)
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  • 2586-5854(eISSN)
한국음성학회 (Korean Society of Speech Sciences)
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롬바르드 효과가 아동과 성인의 말소리 산출에 미치는 영향: 음향학적 특성과 모음공간면적을 중심으로

Comparison of acoustic features due to the Lombard effect in typically developing children and adults

  • 장예림 (이화여자대학교 언어병리학과) ;
  • 황재희 (이화여자대학교 언어병리학과) ;
  • 이누리 (이화여자대학교 언어병리학과) ;
  • 이나경 (이화여자대학교 언어병리학과) ;
  • 음세은 (이화여자대학교 언어병리학과) ;
  • 이영미 (이화여자대학교 언어병리학과)
  • Yelim Jang (Department of Communication of Disorders, Ewha Womans University) ;
  • Jaehee Hwang (Department of Communication of Disorders, Ewha Womans University) ;
  • Nuri Lee (Department of Communication of Disorders, Ewha Womans University) ;
  • Nakyung Lee (Department of Communication of Disorders, Ewha Womans University) ;
  • Seeun Eum (Department of Communication of Disorders, Ewha Womans University) ;
  • Youngmee Lee (Department of Communication of Disorders, Ewha Womans University)
  • 투고 : 2024.02.21
  • 심사 : 2024.04.06
  • 발행 : 2024.06.30
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초록

본 연구는 소음 조건에 따른 롬바르드 효과가 성인과 아동의 발화에 미치는 영향을 음성음향학적 측면에서 살펴보고자 하였다. 본 연구의 대상자는 5-9세 남자 아동 12명과 24-35세 남자 성인 12명이다. 대상자는 무소음과 55 dB, 70 dB의 다화자잡음을 청취하는 조건에서, 발화 과제를 수행하였다. 이때, 대상자의 음성을 디지털레코더로 녹음하였으며, Praat 프로그램을 사용하여 음성의 기본주파수, 강도, 발화길이, 모음공간면적을 분석하였다. 성인과 아동 간에 음도, 발화길이에서 유의한 차이가 있었으나, 두 집단 간에 강도와 모음공간면적에서는 유의한 차이가 없었다. 듣기 조건에 따라 대상자의 음성 강도, 발화길이에 유의한 차이가 있어서, 무소음 조건에 비해 소음 조건에서 대상자의 음성 강도와 발화길이가 유의하게 증가하였다. 본 연구 결과를 통해, 성인과 아동은 소음이 제시되는 상황에서 본인의 음성 강도와 발화길이를 증가시키는 것을 확인하였다. 본 연구는 어린 아동도 성인과 동일하게 소음으로 인한 말명료도 저하를 개선하기 위한 음성적 노력을 기울이고 있다는 것을 확인하였다는 데 의의가 있다.

The Lombard effect is an involuntary response to speakers' experiences in the presence of noise during voice communication. This study aimed to investigate the Lombard effect by comparing the acoustic features of children and adults under different listening conditions. Twelve male children (5-9 years old) and 12 young adult men (24-35 years old) were recruited to produce speech under three different listening conditions (quiet, noise-55 dB, noise-70 dB). Acoustic analyses were then carried out to characterize their acoustic features, such as F0, intensity, duration, and vowel space area, under the three listening conditions. A Lombard effect was observed in the intensity and duration for children and adults who participated in this study under adverse listening conditions. However, we did not observe a Lombard effect in the F0 and vowel space areas of either group. These findings suggest that children can adjust their speech production in challenging listening conditions as much as adults.

키워드

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