Review of Development for Underground Space in Helsinki, Finland

제8강 핀란드 헬싱키의 지하공간 개발에 관한 고찰

  • 김영근 (한국터널지하공간학회, (주)건화 전략기획실)
  • Published : 2024.06.24

Abstract

Keywords

References

  1. Hanamura T., 2011, East Japan Earthquake and Tsunami and Underground Structures, Oral Presentation, Open Session in World Tunnel Congress 2011, 24 May 2011, Helsinki.
  2. Helsinki City, 2009, The Helsinki Underground Master Plan, Brochure, Helsinki City Planning Department, www.hel2.fi/ksv/julkaisut/esitteet/esite_2009-8_en.pdf
  3. Helsinki City, 2011, Annual Report 2010 of the Helsinki City Real Estate Department (in Finnish and in Swedish).
  4. Helsinki Energy, 2012, Production of District Cooling.
  5. Kalliala M., 2008, Talsinki Island, A 21st Century Pragmatic Utopia, Master's Thesis in Architecture, Helsinki University of Technology.
  6. Vhaho I., 2011a Keynote lecture (Helsinki Experience with Master Planning for Use of Underground Space), Proceedings of the Joint HKIE-HKIP Conference on Planning and Development of Underground Space, The Hong Kong Institution of Engineers & The Hong Kong Institute of Planners, 23-24 September 2011, Hong Kong, pp. 1-9.
  7. Vhaho I., 2011b, Workshop on "Use of Underground Space in Hong Kong" for the Hong Kong Government's engineers and city planners, 26 September 2011, Hong Kong.
  8. Vhaho I., 2016, Land Use : Underground Resources and Master Plan in Helsinki.
  9. Vhaho I., 2012, Development for urban underground space in Helsinki, SBE16 Tallinn and Helsinki Conference; Build Green and Renovate Deep, 5-7 October 2016, Tallinn and Helsinki.
  10. Detailed and accurate online geographic information about the Helsinki City region by various maps, aerial photography, plans and real estate data can be found at: http://ptp.hel.fi/index_en.html
  11. Technical services and large-scale utility tunnel networks in bedrock are described in more detail at: www.geotechnics.fi
  12. The Finnish Geotechnical Society SGY maintains the website www.sgy.fi/ for professionals who actively participate in ground engineering. News in English about the Helsinki - Tallinn Rail Tunnel can be found at: www.getunderground.fi
  13. Finnish experts belong to the highest international level in the field of hard rock engineering. The Finnish Tunnelling Association MTR-FTA is a trailblazer that represents Finland in the International Tunnelling and Underground Space Association (ITA).