문화기술의 융합 (The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology)

  • 제10권3호
  • /
  • Pages.533-539
  • /
  • 2024
  • /
  • 2384-0358(pISSN)
  • /
  • 2384-0366(eISSN)
국제문화기술진흥원 (The International Promotion Agency of Culture Technology)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

일반적인 운동 프로그램과 선호하는 운동 프로그램이 노인의 균형능력, 낙상효능감에 미치는 영향

Effects of general and preferred exercise programs on balance ability and fall efficacy in elderly people

  • 이중호 (경동대학교 물리치료학과)
  • Jung-Ho Lee (Department of Physical Therapy, Kyungdong Univ)
  • 투고 : 2024.03.06
  • 심사 : 2024.04.26
  • 발행 : 2024.05.31
PDF 다운로드
⟨ 이전 논문 다음 논문 ⟩

초록

본 연구에서는 근력과 균형능력 및 지구력 증가를 위한 운동방법이 포함된 두 가지 운동 프로그램이 노인의 균형능력과 낙상효능감에 미치는 영향과 선호도에 따른 효과의 차이를 알아보았다. 21명의 노인을 대상으로 탄력밴드를 사용하는 보조도구사용 그룹(실험군 1)과 신체를 사용하는 그룹(실험군 2)으로 나누어 4주 동안 운동 프로그램을 진행하였다. 노인의 균형능력을 평가하기 위해서 single leg stand (SLS)과 functional reach test (FRT)을 사용하였으며, 낙상에 대한 두려움 정도를 평가하기 위해 fall efficacy scale (FES)를 사용하였다. 평가는 2주간의 통합 운동 프로그램 후 사전 평가를 진행하였으며, 4주 동안 운동 프로그램 적용 후 사후 평가를 실시하였다. 연구결과에서 그룹 내 SLS, FRT, FES 분석은 모두 사전 평가에 비해 사후 평가가 통계학적으로 유의한 개선이 나타났다. 그러나 운동 프로그램에 대한 그룹 간 비교와 선호도에 따른 그룹 간 비교에서는 유의한 차이가 없었다. 결론적으로, 노인의 균형능력과 낙상효능감을 증가시키기 위해서는 운동 프로그램을 적용해야하며, 적용이 용이하고 노인이 쉽게 수행할 수 있는 운동방법을 포함한 프로그램의 사용이 필요하다.

This study investigated the effects of two exercise programs, which include exercise methods to increase muscle strength, balance, and endurance, on the balance ability and fall efficacy of elderly people, and the differences in effects according to preference. Twenty-one elderly people were divided into a group using assistive devices using elastic bands (Experimental Group 1) and a group using the body (Experimental Group 2) and an exercise program was conducted for 4 weeks. The single leg stand (SLS) and functional reach test (FRT) were used to evaluate the elderly's balance ability, and the fall efficacy scale (FES) was used to evaluate the degree of fear of falling. A pre-evaluation was conducted after a 2-week integrated exercise program, and a post-evaluation was conducted after applying the exercise program for 4 weeks. In the study results, within-group SLS, FRT, and FES analyzes all showed statistically significant improvement in the post-assessment compared to the pre-assessment. However, there were no significant differences in the comparison between groups regarding exercise program and between groups according to preference. In conclusion, in order to increase the balance ability and fall efficacy of the elderly, an exercise program must be applied, and it is necessary to use a program that is easy to apply and includes exercise methods that the elderly can easily perform.

키워드

참고문헌

  1. M. Izquierdo et al., "International Exercise Recommendations in Older Adults (ICFSR): Expert Consensus Guidelines," J Nutr Health Aging, Vol. 25, No. 7, pp. 824-853, 2021, doi.org/10.1007/s12603-021-1665-8. 
  2. C. Thompson, E. Halcomb, and M. Masso, "The contribution of primary care practitioners to interventions reducing loneliness and social isolation in older people-An integrative review," Scand J Caring Sci, Vol. 37, No. 3, pp. 611-627, Sep. 2023, doi.org/10.1111/scs.13151. 
  3. R. Zhao, W. Bu, and X. Chen, "The efficacy and safety of exercise for prevention of fall-related injuries in older people with different health conditions, and differing intervention protocols: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials," BMC Geriatr, Vol. 19, No. 1, p. 341, Dec. 2019, doi.org/10.1186/s12877-019-1359-9. 
  4. S. K. Hunter, H. M. Pereira, and K. G. Keenan, "The aging neuromuscular system and motor performance," J Appl Physiol (1985), Vol. 121, No. 4, pp. 982-995, Oct. 2016, doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.00475.2016. 
  5. R. L. Sheer, R. L. Barron, L. Sudharshan, and M. K. Pasquale, "Validated prediction of imminent risk of fracture for older adults," Am J Manag Care, Vol. 26, No. 3, pp. e91-e97, Mar. 2020, doi.org/10.37765/ajmc.2020.42641. 
  6. Y. Tamura, T. Omura, K. Toyoshima, and A. Araki, "Nutrition Management in Older Adults with Diabetes: A Review on the Importance of Shifting Prevention Strategies from Metabolic Syndrome to Frailty," Nutrients, Vol. 12, No. 11, p. 3367, Nov. 2020, doi.org/10.3390/nu12113367. 
  7. H. O. Taylor, R. J. Taylor, A. W. Nguyen, and L. Chatters, "Social Isolation, Depression, and Psychological Distress Among Older Adults," J Aging Health, Vol. 30, No. 2, pp. 229-246, Feb. 2018, doi.org/10.1177/0898264316673511. 
  8. C. de Labra, C. Guimaraes-Pinheiro, A. Maseda, T. Lorenzo, and J. C. Millan-Calenti, "Effects of physical exercise interventions in frail older adults: a systematic review of randomized controlled trials," BMC Geriatr, Vol. 15, p. 154, Dec. 2015, doi.org/10.1186/s12877-015-0155-4. 
  9. A. D. Jadczak, N. Makwana, N. Luscombe-Marsh, R. Visvanathan, and T. J. Schultz, "Effectiveness of exercise interventions on physical function in community-dwelling frail older people: an umbrella review of systematic reviews," JBI Database System Rev Implement Rep, Vol. 16, No. 3, pp. 752-775, Mar. 2018, doi.org/10.11124/JBISRIR-2017-003551. 
  10. E. Eckstrom, S. Neukam, L. Kalin, and J. Wright, "Physical Activity and Healthy Aging," Clin Geriatr Med, Vol. 36, No. 4, pp. 671-683, Nov. 2020, doi.org/10.1016/j.cger.2020.06.009. 
  11. K. M. van Leeuwen et al., "What does quality of life mean to older adults? A thematic synthesis," PLoS One, Vol. 14, No. 3, p. e0213263, 2019, doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0213263. 
  12. Y. J. Gschwind, R. W. Kressig, A. Lacroix, T. Muehlbauer, B. Pfenninger, and U. Granacher, "A best practice fall prevention exercise program to improve balance, strength / power, and psychosocial health in older adults: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial," BMC Geriatr, Vol. 13, p. 105, Oct. 2013, doi.org/10.1186/1471-2318-13-105. 
  13. D. G. Linhares et al., "Effects of Multicomponent Exercise Training on the Health of Older Women with Osteoporosis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis," Int J Environ Res Public Health, Vol. 19, No. 21, p. 14195, Oct. 2022, doi.org/10.3390/ijerph192114195. 
  14. U. Sadjapong, S. Yodkeeree, S. Sungkarat, and P. Siviroj, "Multicomponent Exercise Program Reduces Frailty and Inflammatory Biomarkers and Improves Physical Performance in Community-Dwelling Older Adults: A Randomized Controlled Trial," Int J Environ Res Public Health, Vol. 17, No. 11, p. 3760, May 2020, doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17113760. 
  15. S. Shin and B. Wuensche, "What type of exercises should older adults engage in to improve fall efficacy and physical fitness related to falling?," J Exerc Rehabil, Vol. 19, No. 4, pp. 198-207, Aug. 2023, doi.org/10.12965/jer.2346276.138.