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  • 제24권2호
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  • Pages.14.1-14.26
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  • 2024
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  • 1598-2629(pISSN)
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  • 2092-6685(eISSN)
대한면역학회 (The Korean Association of Immunobiologists)
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Th17 Cell and Inflammatory Infiltrate Interactions in Cutaneous Leishmaniasis: Unraveling Immunopathogenic Mechanisms

  • Abraham U. Morales-Primo (Laboratorio de Inmunoparasitologia, Unidad de Investigacion en Medicina Experimental, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Hospital General de Mexico ) ;
  • Ingeborg Becker (Laboratorio de Inmunoparasitologia, Unidad de Investigacion en Medicina Experimental, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Hospital General de Mexico ) ;
  • Claudia Patricia Pedraza-Zamora (Laboratorio de Biologia Periodontal y Tejidos Mineralizados, Division de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigacion, Facultad de Odontologia, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico) ;
  • Jaime Zamora-Chimal (Laboratorio de Inmunoparasitologia, Unidad de Investigacion en Medicina Experimental, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Hospital General de Mexico )
  • 투고 : 2024.01.14
  • 심사 : 2024.03.06
  • 발행 : 2024.04.30
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초록

The inflammatory response during cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) involves immune and non-immune cell cooperation to contain and eliminate Leishmania parasites. The orchestration of these responses is coordinated primarily by CD4+ T cells; however, the disease outcome depends on the Th cell predominant phenotype. Although Th1 and Th2 phenotypes are the most addressed as steers for the resolution or perpetuation of the disease, Th17 cell activities, especially IL-17 release, are recognized to be vital during CL development. Th17 cells perform vital functions during both acute and chronic phases of CL. Overall, Th17 cells induce the migration of phagocytes (neutrophils, macrophages) to the infection site and CD8+ T cells and NK cell activation. They also provoke granzyme and perforin secretion from CD8+ T cells, macrophage differentiation towards an M2 phenotype, and expansion of B and Treg cells. Likewise, immune cells from the inflammatory infiltrate have modulatory activities over Th17 cells involving their differentiation from naive CD4+ T cells and further expansion by generating a microenvironment rich in optimal cytokines such as IL-1β, TGF-β, IL-6, and IL-21. Th17 cell activities and synergies are crucial for the resistance of the infection during the early and acute stages; however, if unchecked, Th17 cells might lead to a chronic stage. This review discusses the synergies between Th17 cells and the inflammatory infiltrate and how these interactions might destine the course of CL.

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