Journal of Dental Rehabilitation and Applied Science (구강회복응용과학지)

Korean Academy of Stomatognathic Function and Occlusion (대한턱관절교합학회)
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Antimicrobial effect of infrared diode laser utilizing indocyanine green against Staphylococcus aureus biofilm on titanium surface

티타늄 표면에 형성한 Staphylococcus aureus 바이오필름에 대한 인도시아닌 그린을 활용한 광역학치료의 항미생물 효과

  • Seung Gi Kim (Department of Periodontology and Research Institute for Oral Sciences, Gangneung-Wonju National University College of Dentistry) ;
  • Si-Young Lee (Department of Oral Microbiology and Research Institute for Oral Sciences, Gangneung-Wonju National University College of Dentistry) ;
  • Jong-Bin Lee (Department of Periodontology and Research Institute for Oral Sciences, Gangneung-Wonju National University College of Dentistry) ;
  • Heung-Sik Um (Department of Periodontology and Research Institute for Oral Sciences, Gangneung-Wonju National University College of Dentistry) ;
  • Jae-Kwan Lee (Department of Periodontology and Research Institute for Oral Sciences, Gangneung-Wonju National University College of Dentistry)
  • 김승기 (강릉원주대학교 치과대학 치주과학교실 및 구강과학연구소) ;
  • 이시영 (강릉원주대학교 치과대학 미생물학교실 및 구강과학연구소) ;
  • 이종빈 (강릉원주대학교 치과대학 치주과학교실 및 구강과학연구소) ;
  • 엄흥식 (강릉원주대학교 치과대학 치주과학교실 및 구강과학연구소) ;
  • 이재관 (강릉원주대학교 치과대학 치주과학교실 및 구강과학연구소)
  • Received : 2024.02.13
  • Accepted : 2024.03.18
  • Published : 2024.05.31
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Abstract

Purpose: This study aimed to assess the antimicrobial efficacy of an 810-nm infrared diode laser with indocyanine green (ICG) against Staphylococcus aureus on sandblasted, large grit, and acid-etched (SLA) titanium surfaces, comparing its effectiveness with alternative chemical decontamination modalities. Materials and Methods: Biofilms of S. aureus ATCC 25923 were cultured on SLA titanium disks for 48 hours. The biofilms were divided into five treatment groups: control, chlorhexidine gluconate (CHX), tetracycline (TC), ICG, and 810-nm infrared diode laser with ICG (ICG-PDT). After treatment, colony-forming units were quantified to assess surviving bacteria, and viability was confirmed through confocal laser-scanning microscope (CLSM) imaging. Results: All treated groups exhibited a statistically significant reduction in S. aureus (P < 0.05), with notable efficacy in the CHX, TC, and ICG-PDT groups (P < 0.01). While no statistical difference was observed between TC and CHX, the ICG-PDT group demonstrated superior bacterial reduction. CLSM images revealed a higher proportion of dead bacteria stained in red within the ICG-PDT groups. Conclusion: Within the limitations, ICG-PDT effectively reduced S. aureus biofilms on SLA titanium surfaces. Further investigations into alternative decontamination methods and the clinical impact of ICG-PDT on peri-implant diseases are warranted.

목적: 이 연구의 목적은 거친 티타늄 표면에 형성된 Staphylococcus aureus 바이오필름에 대해 인도시아닌 그린을 활용한 광역학치료(photodynamic therapy; PDT)의 항미생물 효과를 평가하고, 이를 임상에서 널리 사용되는 다른 화학 처치 방법과 비교하는 것이다. 연구 재료 및 방법: 멸균된 거친 표면 티타늄 디스크에 S. aureus ATCC 25923을 접종한 후 48시간 동안 배양하여 바이오필름을 형성하였다. 실험은 대조군, 클로르헥시딘군(CHX), 테트라싸이클린군(TC), 인도시아닌 그린군(ICG), 인도시아닌 그린을 활용한 광역학치료군(ICG-PDT)으로 구분하여 진행하였다. 군에 따른 처리 후 세균을 배양하여 세균 수(colony forming unit; CFU)를 계산하고, 바이오필름을 공초점 현미경을 통해 분석하였다. 통계 분석은 CFU값을 로그값으로 변환한 후 분산 분석을 시행하였다. 결과: 모든 실험군은 대조군과 비교하여 유의한 항미생물 효과를 나타냈으며(P < 0.05), 특히 CHX, TC, PDT 군에서 90% 이상의 유의한 효과를 보였다(P < 0.01). CHX 군은 TC, PDT 군과 유의한 차이를 보이지 않았으나(P > 0.05), PDT 군은 TC보다 유의하게 효과적이었다(P = 0.035). 공초점현미경 상에서 PDT 군에서 사균의 비율이 더 높게 관찰되었다. 결론: 이번 연구를 통해 인도시아닌 그린을 활용한 광역학치료가 SLA 티타늄 표면에 형성된 S. aureus 바이오필름 제거에 있어 효과적임을 확인하였다.

Keywords

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