Journal of Industrial Convergence (산업융합연구)

DAEHAN Society of Industrial Management (대한산업경영학회)
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Analysis of the Mediating and Moderating Effects of Body Mass Index and Subjective Body Shape Perception on the Relationship Between Physical Activity and Self-Rated Health in Adolescents

청소년의 신체활동과 주관적 건강 인식 관계에서 체질량지수와 주관적 체형 인식의 매개효과와 조절효과 분석

  • Jung-Hyun Yun (Dept. of Sports Science, Konkuk University) ;
  • Mi-Na Jin (Dept. of Sports Science, Konkuk University) ;
  • Chang-Jin Lee (Dept. of Sport and Health Studies, Konkuk University)
  • 윤정현 (건국대학교 스포츠과학과) ;
  • 진미나 (건국대학교 스포츠과학과) ;
  • 이창진 (건국대학교 스포츠건강학과)
  • Received : 2024.03.20
  • Accepted : 2024.05.20
  • Published : 2024.05.28
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Abstract

The study aim was to investigate the relationship between adolescents' physical activity and subjective health perceptions and determine whether body mass index (BMI), an obesity-related indicator, had a mediating or moderating effect on this relationship. To achieve the purpose of this study, raw data from the 18th Youth Health Behavior Online Survey (2022) were used, and data from 23,612 people were ultimately selected for the research analysis. A confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation modeling were applied to the data, and bootstrapping techniques were used to verify the mediating effect. To verify the moderating effect, a multigroup analysis of the structural equation model was applied to calculate pairwise parameter comparison values. All statistical significance levels were set at .05. The results of this study follow. First, the greater the amount of physical activity among adolescents, the more positive was the effect on subjective health perception. Second, subjective body type perception had a partial mediating effect on the relationship between physical activity and subjective health perception. Third, subjective body type had a moderating effect on physical activity and subjective health perception. Specifically, people who perceived their subjective body types as average viewed their subjective health more positively when they engaged in more physical activity than those who perceived their body types as slightly or very overweight. In conclusion, preventing obesity and positively changing the subjective health status through sufficient physical activity during adolescence are important.

이 연구의 목적은 청소년의 신체활동과 주관적 건강인지와의 관계를 알아보고 그 관계에서 비만 관련 지표인 체질량 지수(BMI)가 매개효과 혹은 조절효과가 있는지 규명하는 것이다. 이 연구의 목적을 달성하기 위해 2022년 제18차 청소년건강행태온라인조사 통계의 원시자료를 활용하였으며, 최종적으로 23,612명의 자료를 연구 대상으로 선정하였다. 자료 분석은 확인적 요인분석과 구조방정식 모형을 적용하였으며, 매개효과를 검증하기 위해 Bootstrapping 기법을 활용하였다. 또한 조절효과를 검증하기 위해 구조방정식모형의 다중집단 분석을 적용하여 pairwise parameter comparison 값을 산출하였다. 모든 통계적 유의수준은 .05로 설정하였다. 이 연구의 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 청소년의 신체 활동량이 많을수록 주관적 건강 인식은 긍정적인 효과가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 신체활동과 주관적 건강 인식 관계에서 주관적 체형 인식은 부분매개효과 있는 것으로 나타났다. 셋째, 신체활동과 주관적 건강 인식에서 주관적 체형은 조절효과가 있는 것으로 나타났으며, 구체적으로 주관적 체형을 보통으로 인식하는 사람이 약간 혹은 매우 살이 찐 편으로 인식하는 사람보다 신체 활동량이 많을 수록 주관적 건강 인식에 더 긍정적으로 응답하는 것으로 나타났다. 결론적으로 청소년기에는 충분한 신체활동을 통하여 비만을 예방하고, 주관적인 건강 상태를 긍정적으로 변화할 수 있도록 노력하는 것이 중요하다.

Keywords

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