Ecology and Resilient Infrastructure

Korean Society of Ecology and Infrastructure Engineering (응용생태공학회)
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A Study on Fish Movement Efficiency in Biopolymer and Aggregate Mixed Fishway

피마자유기반 바이오폴리머와 골재를 혼합한 어도의 어류이동효율 실험연구

  • Dong-Jin Lee (Department of Hydro Science and Engineering Research, Korea Institute of Civil Engineering and Building Technology) ;
  • Min Ho, Jang (Department of Biology Education, College of Education, Kongju National University) ;
  • Joongu Kang (Department of Hydro Science and Engineering Research, Korea Institute of Civil Engineering and Building Technology) ;
  • Hong-Kyu Ahn (Department of Hydro Science and Engineering Research, Korea Institute of Civil Engineering and Building Technology)
  • 이동진 (한국건설기술연구원 수자원하천연구본부) ;
  • 장민호 (공주대학교 생물교육과) ;
  • 강준구 (한국건설기술연구원 수자원하천연구본부) ;
  • 안홍규 (한국건설기술연구원 수자원하천연구본부)
  • Received : 2024.01.15
  • Accepted : 2024.02.27
  • Published : 2024.03.31
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Abstract

A fishway is an artificial waterway or device used to resolve difficulties in the movement of fish in a river. Most existing fishways are made of concrete and emit toxic substances, which has a negative impact on the river environment. Accordingly, there is a need to develop fishway construction technology that is eco-friendly and can increase movement efficiency. The technology presented in this study is an integrated porous structure that combines the aggregate with a biopolymer material extracted from castor oil, a non-toxic material. It is a fishway construction technology using eco-friendly materials that can allow vegetation to grow on the surface. In this study, an eco-friendly fishway mixed with biopolymer and aggregate was built on a real scale and the fish movement efficiency was tested and analyzed. As a result of the experiment, a total of 201 fish of 14 species were released with tags inserted, and the detection rate of released fish was confirmed to be 82.6% on average. A total of 40 fish of 6 species were transported upstream through the fishway, and the average passage rate was confirmed to be 21.7%. As a result of checking the circadian migration pattern, it was found that all fish mainly migrate during the day. It was confirmed that there was no significant functional difference between a fishway using biopolymer and a concrete fishway. It is believed that a fishway using biopolymer can be used as a replacement for a concrete fishway.

어도는 하천에 어류의 이동이 곤란할 경우 이를 해소할 수 있도록 인위적으로 만들어진 수로 또는 장치이다. 기존 어도의 경우 대부분 콘크리트 제품으로 독성물질을 용출하여 하천환경에 부정적 영향을 미치고 있다. 이에 친환경적이고 이동효율을 높일 수 있는 어도 조성 기술 개발이 필요하다. 본 연구에서 제시된 기술은 골재와 골재사이를 무독성 소재인 피마자유에서 추출한 바이오폴리머 소재와 결합한 일체형 다공성 구조물로써 표면에 식생을 활착시킬 수 있는 친환경 소재를 활용한 어도 조성 기술이다. 이에 바이오폴리머와 골재를 혼합한 친환경어도의 어류이동효율에 대하여 실규모로 조성하여 실험, 분석하였다. 실험 결과 Tag를 삽입하고 방류된 어류는 총 14종 201개체였으며, 방류된 개체의 감지율은 평균 82.6%로 높은 것으로 나타났다. 어도를 통과하여 상류로 소상한 어류는 총 6종 40개체로 평균 통과율은 21.7%로 확인되었다. 일주기 이동패턴을 확인한 결과 모든 어류가 주간에 주로 이동하는 것으로 나타났다. 바이오폴리머를 활용한 어도와 콘크리트 어도의 기능적 차이가 크지 않은 것으로 판단되며, 바이오폴리머를 활용한 어도는 기존 콘크리트 어도를 대체해 사용할 수 있을 것으로 판단된다.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

본 연구는 국토교통과학기술진흥원 국가연구개발사업 국토교통기술사업화지원 과제인 "피마자유 기반 바이오폴리머를 활용한 하천 호안 및 하상보호 기술의 현장적용성 강화를 위한 응용기술개발" 연구사업의 연구비 지원으로 수행되었습니다 (과제번호: RS-2021-KA160822). 이에 감사드립니다.

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