Journal of the Korean Regional Science Association (지역연구)

Korean Regional Science Association (한국지역학회)
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Occupational Mobility Patterns and Determinants among Youth Wage Workers in the Local Labor Market, Korea

지역노동시장 수준에서 청년층 임금근로자의 직업이동 패턴과 영향요인 분석

  • 송창현 (연세대학교 도시공학과) ;
  • 임업 (연세대학교 도시공학과)
  • Received : 2023.08.02
  • Accepted : 2023.09.11
  • Published : 2023.09.30
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Abstract

This study investigates the occupational mobility patterns of young wage employees at the local level of the labor market and empirically examines the interplay between worker-level and local labor market-level determinants between 2010 and 2020. The 4th to 14th waves of the Youth Panel 2007 were integrated with the Korea Network for Occupations and Workers and the Local Area Labor Force Survey for estimation using hierarchical linear model. Our results indicate that Gross Regional Domestic Product per capita is key determinant of occupational upward mobility. Also, Estimates of employment size, population density, and the unemployment rate of local labor market have different effects depending on the education level and occupational location of youth workers, suggesting that the effects of structural factors of local labor market may not be distributed equally among all youth wage workers. The findings have policy implications regarding the recent rise in inequality and polarization in local labor markets.

본 연구는 지역노동시장 수준에서 청년층 임금근로자의 직업이동 패턴을 탐색하고, 개별 근로자 수준 및 지역노동시장 수준 특성이 직업이동에 어떠한 영향을 미치는지에 대해 실증 분석했다. 분석을 위한 자료로는 『청년패널2007』 4-14차년도(2010-2020년), 『재직자조사』 원자료, 『지역별고용조사』 등을 활용했으며, 위계적 선형모형을 응용하여 근로자 개인 수준 및 지역노동시장 수준 한계효과를 추정했다. 분석 결과에 따르면, 1인당 GRDP가 높은 지역일수록 근로자의 직업 상향 이동에 긍정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 한편, 지역노동시장권의 규모, 밀도, 실업률이 근로자가 보유한 교육 수준 및 직업 위치에 따라 차별적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났는데, 이는 구조적 특성으로 인한 긍정적 효과가 모든 구성원에게 동등하게 배분되지는 않을 수 있는 점을 시사한다. 본 연구는 지역노동시장에서 최근 심화되고 있는 불평등 및 양극화와 관련하여 정책적 시사점을 제공한다.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

이 논문은 2023년 한국지역학회 전기학술대회에서 우수논문상을 수상한 연구임. 이 논문은 2020년 대한민국 교육부와 한국연구재단의 지원을 받아 수행된 연구임(NRF-2022S1A5A2A01047906)

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