Acknowledgement
The authors thank professor Junghee Yoon at Seoul National University for his expert opinion on radiographic diagnosis.
References
- Garvey M. Lameness in dairy cow herds: disease aetiology, prevention and management. Dairy. 2022;3(1):199-210. https://doi.org/10.3390/dairy3010016
- Bach A, Pinto A, Blanch M. Association between chelated trace mineral supplementation and milk yield, reproductive performance, and lameness in dairy cattle. Livest Sci. 2015;182:69-75. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.livsci.2015.10.023
- Pariset L, Bongiorni S, Bueno S, Gruber CE, Prosperini G, Chillemi G, et al. Microarray gene expression profiling of neural tissues in bovine spastic paresis. BMC Vet Res. 2013;9(1):122.
- Gentile A, Testoni S. Inherited disorders of cattle: a selected review. Slov Vet Res. 2006;43(1):17-29.
- Windsor P, Agerholm J. Inherited diseases of Australian Holstein-Friesian cattle. Aust Vet J. 2009;87(5):193-199. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1751-0813.2009.00422.x
- Steiner A, Anderson DE, Desrochers A. Diseases of the tendons and tendon sheaths. Vet Clin North Am Food Anim Pract. 2014;30(1):157-175. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cvfa.2013.11.002
- Goeckmann V, Rothammer S, Medugorac I. Bovine spastic paresis: a review of the genetic background and perspectives for the future. Vet J. 2016;216:64-71. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tvjl.2016.07.001
- De Vlamynck C, Pille F, Vlaminck L. Long term outcome of conservative management or surgical treatment of bovine spastic paresis: 79 cases. Vet Surg. 2016;45(2):187-193. https://doi.org/10.1111/vsu.12432
- Pentecost R, Niehaus AJ, Anderson DE. Surgical management of fractures and tendons. Vet Clin North Am Food Anim Pract. 2016;32(3):797-811. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cvfa.2016.05.012
- Schwarzenbacher H, Pausch H. Bovine spastic paresis: a genome-wide study in Fleckvieh. 10th World Congress on Genetics Applied to Livestock Production; 2014 Aug 17-22; Vancouver, Canada. Champaign: American Society of Animal Science; 2014.
- Abdel-Hakiem MA, Youssef HA. A successful approach for treatment of the spastic paresis in two calves. J Adv Vet Res. 2013;3(3):118-121.
- Vlaminck L, De Moor A, Martens A, Steenhaut M, Gasthuys F, Desmet P, et al. Partial tibial neurectomy in 113 Belgian blue calves with spastic paresis. Vet Rec. 2000;147(1):16-19. https://doi.org/10.1136/vr.147.1.16
- Goeckmann V, Rothammer S, Medugorac I. Bovine spastic syndrome: a review. Vet Rec. 2018;182(24):693.
- Anderson DE, Desrochers A, St Jean G. Management of tendon disorders in cattle. Vet Clin North Am Food Anim Pract. 2008;24(3):551-566. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cvfa.2008.07.008
- De Vlamynck C, Pille F, Vlaminck L. Bovine spastic paresis: current knowledge and scientific voids. Vet J. 2014;202(2):229-235. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tvjl.2014.07.015
- Krull F, Hirschfeld M, Wemheuer WE, Brenig B. Frameshift variant in novel adenosine-A1-receptor homolog associated with bovine spastic syndrome/late-onset bovine spastic paresis in Holstein sires. Front Genet. 2020;11:591794.