Journal of Internet of Things and Convergence (사물인터넷융복합논문지)

The Korea Internet of Things Society (한국사물인터넷학회)
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A Study on Characteristics and Techniques that Affect Data Integrity for Digital Forensic on Flash Memory-Based Storage Devices

플래시 메모리 기반 저장장치에서 디지털 포렌식을 위한 데이터 무결성에 영향을 주는 특성 및 기술 연구

  • Hyun-Seob Lee (Division of Computer Engineering, Baekseok University)
  • 이현섭 (백석대학교 컴퓨터공학부)
  • Received : 2023.03.23
  • Accepted : 2023.05.07
  • Published : 2023.06.30
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Abstract

One of the most important characteristics of digital forensics is integrity. Integrity means that the data has not been tampered with. If evidence is collected during digital forensic and later tampered with, it cannot be used as evidence. With analog evidence, it's easy to see if it's been tampered with, for example, by taking a picture of it. However, the data on the storage media, or digital evidence, is invisible, so it is difficult to tell if it has been tampered with. Therefore, hash values are used to prove that the evidence data has not been tampered with during the process of collecting evidence and submitting it to the court. The hash value is collected from the stored data during the evidence collection phase. However, due to the internal behavior of NAND flash memory, the physical data shape may change over time from the acquisition phase. In this paper, we study the characteristics and techniques of flash memory that can cause the physical shape of flash memory to change even if no intentional data corruption is attempted.

디지털 포렌식에서 가장 중요하게 여기는 특징 중 하나는 무결성이다. 무결성은 데이터가 변조되지 않았음을 의미한다. 디지털 포렌식 과정에서 증거를 수집하는데 이 증거가 나중에 변조되었다면 증거로 사용될 수 없다. 아날로그 증거물은 사진을 찍어놓는 방식 등을 통해 변조된 사실을 쉽게 파악할 수 있다. 그러나 저장매체 속의 데이터 즉, 디지털 증거는 눈에 보이지 않기 때문에 변조되었는지 알기가 어렵다. 그래서 이 증거 데이터가 증거 수집 단계에서 법정 제출까지의 과정 중 변조가 되지 않았음을 증명하기 위해 해시값을 사용한다. 해시값은 증거 수집 단계에서 저장 데이터로부터 수집한다. 그러나 NAND 플래시 메모리는 내부적인 동작의 특성 때문에 시간이 지나면 물리적 데이터 형상이 수집 단계와 달라질 수 있다. 본 논문에서는 고의적인 데이터 훼손을 시도하지 않더라도 플래시 메모리의 물리적 형상이 변경될 수 있는 플래시 메모리의 특성 및 기술들을 연구한다.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

This paper was supported by 2023 Baekseok University Research Fund

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