Korean Journal of Radiology

The Korean Society of Radiology (대한영상의학회)
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The Application of Radiolabeled Targeted Molecular Probes for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Prostate Cancer

  • Luyi Cheng (Department of Nuclear Medicine, The Affiliated Huaian No. 1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University) ;
  • TianshuoYang (Department of Nuclear Medicine, The Affiliated Huaian No. 1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University) ;
  • Jun Zhang (Department of Nuclear Medicine, The Affiliated Taizhou People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University) ;
  • Feng Gao (Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of the Ministry of Education and Center for Experimental Nuclear Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University) ;
  • Lingyun Yang (JYAMS PET Research and Development Limited) ;
  • Weijing Tao (Department of Nuclear Medicine, The Affiliated Huaian No. 1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University)
  • Received : 2022.12.21
  • Accepted : 2023.03.30
  • Published : 2023.06.01
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Abstract

Radiopharmaceuticals targeting prostate-specific membrane antigens (PSMA) are essential for the diagnosis, evaluation, and treatment of prostate cancer (PCa), particularly metastatic castration-resistant PCa, for which conventional treatment is ineffective. These molecular probes include [68Ga]PSMA, [18F]PSMA, [Al18F]PSMA, [99mTc]PSMA, and [89Zr]PSMA, which are widely used for diagnosis, and [177Lu]PSMA and [225Ac]PSMA, which are used for treatment. There are also new types of radiopharmaceuticals. Due to the differentiation and heterogeneity of tumor cells, a subtype of PCa with an extremely poor prognosis, referred to as neuroendocrine prostate cancer (NEPC), has emerged, and its diagnosis and treatment present great challenges. To improve the detection rate of NEPC and prolong patient survival, many researchers have investigated the use of relevant radiopharmaceuticals as targeted molecular probes for the detection and treatment of NEPC lesions, including DOTA-TOC and DOTA-TATE for somatostatin receptors, 4A06 for CUB domain-containing protein 1, and FDG. This review focused on the specific molecular targets and various radionuclides that have been developed for PCa in recent years, including those mentioned above and several others, and aimed to provide valuable up-to-date information and research ideas for future studies.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

We thanks for the permissions from Springer, European Journal of Nuclear Medicine Molecular Imaging, Society of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging regarding permission to use figure/table in Kuten et al. [39], J Nucl Med 2020;61:527-532. We also thanks for the support from the Department of Urology and Pathology in the Affiliated Huaian No. 1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University. We thank James P. Mahaffey, PhD, from Liwen Bianji (Edanz) (www.liwenbianji.cn) for editing the English expression of this manuscript.

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