Korean Chemical Engineering Research

  • 제61권2호
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  • Pages.302-311
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  • 2023
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  • 0304-128X(pISSN)
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  • 2233-9558(eISSN)
한국화학공학회 (The Korean Institute of Chemical Engineers)
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감가압법으로 주입한 피마자유-처리 목재의 내후성 평가

Weatherproof-properties Evaluation of Castor Oil-impregnated Wood Using a Vacuum-pressure Method

  • 권오경 (서울대학교 농생명과학공동기기원) ;
  • 최영서 (서울대학교 그린바이오과학기술원) ;
  • 김다예 (서울대학교 그린바이오과학기술원) ;
  • 최원실 (서울대학교 농생명과학공동기기원) ;
  • 이영규 (서울대학교 농생명과학공동기기원) ;
  • 김권민 (한국임업진흥원) ;
  • 최준원 (서울대학교 그린바이오과학기술원) ;
  • 양인 (서울대학교 그린바이오과학기술원)
  • Ohkyung Kwon (National Instrumentation Center for Environmental Management, Seoul National University) ;
  • Yeong Seo Choi (Institutes of Green Bio Science & Technology, Seoul National University) ;
  • Daye Kim (Institutes of Green Bio Science & Technology, Seoul National University) ;
  • Wonsil Choi (National Instrumentation Center for Environmental Management, Seoul National University) ;
  • Young-kyu Lee (National Instrumentation Center for Environmental Management, Seoul National University) ;
  • Kwon-min Kim (Korea Forestry Promotion Institute) ;
  • Joon weon, Choi (Institutes of Green Bio Science & Technology, Seoul National University) ;
  • In Yang (Institutes of Green Bio Science & Technology, Seoul National University)
  • 투고 : 2022.10.30
  • 심사 : 2023.01.13
  • 발행 : 2023.05.01
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초록

본 연구는 천연 목재방부제로서 피마자유(castor oil, CSO)의 적용 가능성을 평가하기 위하여 수행하였다. 이를 위하여 CSO를 감가압법으로 국내외 목재수종에 주입한 후, 주입능, 용탈성, 내후성 등을 조사하였다. CSO 주입능은 수종별 해부학적 구조의 차이로 인하여 솔송, 잎갈, 단풍, 신갈나무 순으로 측정되었으나, 모든 수종에서 목재 내로 효과적으로 주입되었다. 용탈성의 경우, 잎갈나무를 제외하고 주입능이 높은 수종에서 용탈되는 양이 많았다. CSO의 점도 저하를 위한 에탄올의 첨가는 주입능 및 용탈성에 부정적인 영향을 미쳤다. 중량감소율을 이용하여 조사한 CSO-주입/용탈 시편의 목재부후균에 대한 내후성은 대조구와 비교하여 대부분의 처리목에서 매우 우수하였다. 특히 갈색부후균인 Fomitopsis palustris에 대하여 CSO만으로 구성된 약액(CSO-2)을 처리한 대부분의 처리목에서 부후가 발생하지 않거나, 매우 낮은 중량감소율를 보였다. 이는 주입된 CSO가 용탈과정에서 목재 내에 잔류하여 발생한 결과로서 X-ray microscope 관찰을 통하여 CSO의 잔류를 확인할 수 있었다. 한편 CSO-2를 주입한 후, 2주간 염수에 용탈시킨 스트립 형태의 시편은 모든 절삭방향에서 길이 변화가 거의 일어나지 않았다. 또한 CSO-2 주입/용탈 시편을 야외에 2주간 노출시킨 후, 측정한 중량증가율과 길이팽윤율도 대조구 시편과 비교하여 매우 낮아 내수성이 크게 향상된 것을 확인하였다. 따라서 CSO는 목재부후균의 생장 억제뿐만 아니라 치수안정 효과까지 제공함으로서 다양한 실내외 환경에서 천연 목재방부제로서 적용이 가능할 것으로 판단된다.

This study was conducted to evaluate the applicability of castor oil (CSO) as a natural wood preservative. CSO was treated into wood blocks prepared with domestic and imported wood species using a vacuum-pressure method, and then treatability, leachability and decay resistance of the CSO-treated wood blocks were examined. Although CSO was penetrated effectively into wood blocks of all wood species, the CSO-treatability was the highest in Western hemlock, followed by Japanese larch (LA), soft maple and Mongolian oak due to the difference of its anatomical structure. Except for LA, the more retained, the more leached during a saline water-immersing process for 48h. The use of ethanol added to reduce the viscosity of CSO affected negatively the treatability and leachability of wood blocks. Decay resistance, which was evaluated by the weight loss of wood blocks exposed against Fomitopsis palustris (FOP) and Trametes versicolor, of the CSO-treated/leached wood blocks was superior to that of control. Especially, most of wood blocks treated with preserving solution composed of only CSO (CSO-2) did not decayed and showed a very low weight loss against FOP. The decay resistance results from CSO retained in wood blocks after leaching. The retention of CSO could identify using the observation of X-ray microscope. Length of wood strips, which were treated with CSO-2 and then immersed in saline water for 2 weeks, hardly changed in all cutting directions. In addition, weight gain and length-swelling rate of the wood strips were extremely low compared to those of control. These results indicate that moisture resistance of the wood strips was improved by the CSO treatment. It is concluded that the treatment of CSO using a vacuum-pressure method provides the decay resistance and dimensional stability of wood, and thus CSO can be used as a natural wood preservative on various indoor and outdoor circumstances.

키워드

과제정보

본 연구는 교육부의 "창의도전 연구기반 지원사업"의 지원에 의하여 수행되고 있습니다(NRF-2021R1I1A1A01050489). 본 연구를 위하여 여러 조언과 도움을 주신(주) 행복홈우드테크의 문명철대표님과 소재민차장님, 산림조합중앙회 동부목재유통센터의 원용안팀장님에게 감사드립니다.

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