중증장애노인을 위한 의료복지시설의 공간구성에 관한 연구

A Study on the Spatial Composition Planning of Medical Welfare Facilities for the Elderly with Severe Disabilities

The aging rate of Korea is currently 15.7% in 2020 and is expected to exceed 34.4% in 2040. The use of welfare services for the elderly shows a tendency to shift from facility services to home healthcare services. Prior to 2008, nursing facilities were divided into paid care facilities, actual cost care facilities, and free care facilities. However, with the introduction of the long-term care insurance system for the elderly in 2008, it seems that facilities for the elderly and health and medical policies have been operated in a more comprehensive manner. But there is a part where more functional differentiation needs to be made in welfare facilities for the elderly. In this way, proper medical treatment is provided and excessive services are not implemented, so insurance premiums are claimed properly, and thus long-term care insurance for the elderly and medical insurance finances are strengthened. Ultimately, it will reduce the burden of medical expenses for the elderly and increase the quality of services. Currently, the legal boundary between nursing homes for the elderly, elderly hospitals, and general hospitals is ambiguous, and it is difficult for the elderly to select appropriate facilities. The facilities to be investigated in this study are facilities that can be used by the elderly with severe disabilities at level 2 or higher for long-term care in Korea and abroad. Through this study, we found the following facts. The current spatial composition of the medical welfare facilities for the elderly is still insufficient to practically realize the principle of respect for human beings, the principle of home protection, and the principle of professional protection development, which are the ideologies of welfare facilities for the elderly. It is being built to the extent that it barely meets the legal standard of 23.6m² of gross floor area per resident and the legal standard of bedroom area per resident of elderly care facilities. As a result, Currently, the medical welfare facilities are insufficient to secure the private life area of the elderly, and it is difficult to secure sufficient space for privacy in accordance with the principle of respect for human beings.