Journal of the Korea Organic Resources Recycling Association (유기물자원화)

Korea Organic Resources Recycling Association (유기성자원학회)
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Synthesis of Nitrogen-Doped Porous Carbon Fibers Derived from Coffee Waste and Their Electrochemical Application

커피 폐기물 기반의 질소가 포함된 다공성 탄소 섬유의 제조 및 전기화학적 응용

  • Dong Hyun Kim (Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Hanbat National University) ;
  • Min Sang Kim (Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Hanbat National University) ;
  • Suk Jekal (Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Hanbat National University) ;
  • Jiwon Kim (Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Hanbat National University) ;
  • Ha-Yeong Kim (Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Hanbat National University) ;
  • Yeon-Ryong Chu (Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Hanbat National University) ;
  • Chan-Gyo Kim (Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Hanbat National University) ;
  • Hyung Sub Sim (Department of Aerospace Engineering, Sejong University) ;
  • Chang-Min Yoon (Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Hanbat National University)
  • 김동현 (한밭대학교 화학생명공학과) ;
  • 김민상 (한밭대학교 화학생명공학과) ;
  • 제갈석 (한밭대학교 화학생명공학과) ;
  • 김지원 (한밭대학교 화학생명공학과) ;
  • 김하영 (한밭대학교 화학생명공학과) ;
  • 추연룡 (한밭대학교 화학생명공학과) ;
  • 김찬교 (한밭대학교 화학생명공학과) ;
  • 심형섭 (세종대학교 항공우주공학과) ;
  • 윤창민 (한밭대학교 화학생명공학과)
  • Received : 2023.02.16
  • Accepted : 2023.03.05
  • Published : 2023.03.30
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Abstract

In this study, coffee waste was recycled into nitrogen-doped porous carbon fibers as an active material for high-energy EDLC (Electric Double Layer Capacitors). The coffee waste was mixed with polyvinylpyrrolidone and dissolved into dimethylformamide. The mixture was then electrospun to fabricate coffee waste-derived nanofibers (Bare-CWNF), and carbonization process was followed under a nitrogen atmosphere at 900℃. Similar to Bare-CWNF, the as-synthesized carbonized coffee waste-derived nanofibers (Carbonized-CWNF) maintained its fibrous form while preserving the composition of nitrogen. The electrochemical performance was analyzed for carbonized coffee waste (Carbonized-CW)-, carbonized PAN-derived nanofibers (Carbonized-PNF)-, and Carbonized-CWNF-based electrodes in the operating voltage window of -1.0-0.0V, Among the electrodes, Carbonized-CWNF-based electrodes exhibited the highest specific capacitance of 123.8F g-1 at 1A g-1 owing to presence of nitrogen and porous structure. As a result, nitrogen-contained porous carbon fibers synthesized from coffee waste showed excellent electrochemical performance as electrodes for high-energy EDLC. The experimental designed in this study successfully demonstrated the recycling of the coffee waste, one of the plant-based biomass that causes the environmental pollution into high-energy materials, also, attaining the ecofriendliness.

본 연구에서는 커피 폐기물 기반의 질소가 포함된 다공성 탄소 섬유 형태로 제조하여 고에너지 EDLC용 탄소 소재로 활용하고자 하였다. 커피 폐기물은 분쇄과정을 거쳐 폴리비닐피롤리돈과 용매인 다이메틸폼아마이드에 혼합한 후 전기방사를 통해 커피 폐기물 기반의 섬유 형태(Bare-CWNF)의 물질로 만들었으며, 질소 분위기의 900℃에서 탄화를 진행하여 커피 폐기물 기반의 질소가 포함된 다공성 섬유 형태(Carbonized-CWNF)의 물질을 제조하였다. Carbonized-CWNF는 Bare-CWNF와 같이 섬유 형태를 유지하였으며 질소 함량 역시 유지되는 것을 확인하였다. 커피 폐기물의 탄화 탄소(Carbonized-CW)및 폴리아크릴로나이트릴 기반의 탄소섬유(Carbonized-PNF)를 Carbonized-CWNF와 -1.0-0.0V의 전압 범위에서 전기화학적 성능을 비교한 결과, Carbonized-CWNF가 가장 높은 비정전용량(123.8F g-1 @ 1A g-1)을 확보할 수 있었다. 이를 통해 커피 폐기물 기반의 질소가 함유된 다공성 탄소 섬유가 고에너지 EDLC(Electric double layer capacitor)용 전극으로 우수한 성능을 나타내는 것을 확인하였다. 최종적으로, 환경 오염의 원인이 되는 식물성 바이오매스 중 커피 폐기물을 활용하여 친환경성을 확보하였고, 식물성 바이오매스와 같은 폐기물을 슈퍼커패시터와 같은 고성능 에너지 저장 매체로의 탈바꿈 할 수 있는 가능성을 제시하였다.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

이 연구는 2022년 정부(방위사업청)의 재원으로 국방과학연구소의 지원을 받아 수행된 미래도전국방기술 연구개발사업임(No. 915066201)

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