Journal of Plant Biotechnology

  • Volume 50
  • /
  • Pages.190-199
  • /
  • 2023
  • /
  • 1229-2818(pISSN)
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  • 2384-1397(eISSN)
The Korean Society of Plant Biotechnology (한국식물생명공학회)
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Development of a sequence-characterized amplified region (SCAR) marker for female off-season flowering detection in date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.)

  • Received : 2023.09.18
  • Accepted : 2023.10.22
  • Published : 2023.10.31
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Abstract

Date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.: Arecaceae) is a dioecious species where only female trees bear fruits. In their natural state, date palms produce dates once a year. However, in Thailand, some trees were observed to produce dates during the off-season, despite no variations in morphology. The availability of such off-season fruits can significantly increase their market value. Interestingly, most female off-season date palms investigated in this study were obtained through micropropagation. Hence, there is an urgent need for genetic markers to distinguish female offseason flowering plantlets within tissue culture systems. In this study, we aimed to develop random amplification of polymorphic DNA-sequence characterized amplified region (RAPD-SCAR) markers for the identification of female off-season flowering date palms cultivated in Thailand. A total of 160 random decamer primers were employed to screen for specific RAPD markers in off-season flowering male and female populations. Out of these, only one primer, OPN-02, generated distinct genomic DNA patterns in female off-season flowering (FOFdp) individuals compared to female seasonal flowering genotypes. Based on the RAPD-specific sequence, specific SCAR primers denoted as FOFdpF and FOFdpR were developed. These SCAR primers amplified a single 517-bp DNA fragment, predominantly found in off-season flowering populations, with an accuracy rate of 60%. These findings underscore the potential of SCAR marker technology for tracking offseason flowering in date palms. Notably, a BLAST analysis revealed a substantial similarity between the SCAR marker sequence and the transcript variant mRNA from Phoenix dactylifera encoding the SET DOMAIN GROUP 40 protein. In Arabidopsis, this protein is involved in the epigenetic regulation of flowering time. The genetic potential of the off-season flowering traits warrants further elucidation.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

Ms. Lalita Kethirun was supported by the Science Achievement Scholarship of Thailand (SAST). We extend our appreciation to Mr. Dissakrit Sasanavech and Mr. Nuntachai Chareondumrongkiat, the owners of the Therdthai date palm orchard in Bangkok, Thailand, for providing valuable plant materials and information about off-season date palms. We appreciate Mr. Pongsook Kluakaew for taking the time to coordinate our teams and the orchard owners. We thank Dr. Alyssa Stewart for assisting with English proofreading.

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