DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Analysis of ground settlement due to circular shaft excavation

원형 수직구 굴착에 따른 발생 지반침하 분석

  • Moorak Son (Dept. of Civil Engineering, Daegu University) ;
  • Kangryel Lee (Korea Electric Power Research Institute, Korea Electric Power Corporation)
  • 손무락 (대구대학교 건설시스템공학과) ;
  • 이강렬 (한국전력공사 전력연구원)
  • Received : 2023.02.03
  • Accepted : 2023.03.09
  • Published : 2023.03.31

Abstract

Ground excavation inevitably causes ground displacement of adjacent ground, and structures and facilities exposed to ground displacement may suffer various damages. Therefore, in order to minimize the damage and damage to adjacent structures and facilities caused by excavation, ground displacement (settlement and horizontal displacement) in the adjacent ground caused by excavation must first be predicted. There is many ground displacement information induced by general braced cut excavation, but the information is not enough for circular shaft excavation. This study aims to provide information on the estimation of ground settlement caused by circular shaft excavation through the case analysis of circular shafts and comparison with braced cut excavation. From this study, it was found that the use of the settlement criterion of braced cut excavation as the settlement management criterion for circular shaft excavation is a conservative approach in terms of safety. But when considering the economic aspect, it may result in overdesign of the wall and therefore, a more reasonable settlement criterion can be needed for circular shaft excavation.

지반굴착은 필연적으로 인접지반의 지반변위를 유발시키며, 지반변위에 노출된 구조물 및 시설물들은 다양한 피해를 입을 수 있다. 따라서 굴착유발 인접구조물 및 시설물의 손상 및 피해를 최소화하기 위해서는 우선적으로 굴착으로 인해 발생하는 인접지반에서의 지반변위(침하 및 수평변위)를 예측하여야 한다. 흙막이 굴착 유발 지반변위 정보는 상대적으로 많이 존재하지만 원형 형태의 수직구 굴착에 대한 지반변위 정보는 충분치 않다. 본 연구에서는 수직구 굴착에 대한 사례분석 및 흙막이 굴착과의 비교를 통해서 수직구 굴착유발 인접지반 침하예측에 대한 정보를 제공하고자 한다. 본 연구를 통해서 수직구 굴착 시 침하관리 기준으로서 흙막이 굴착의 침하기준을 사용하는 것은 안전성 측면에서 보수적인 접근방법으로 판단되나 경제성 측면을 고려할 때 벽체의 과다설계를 초래할 수 있어 수직구 굴착에 대해 보다 합리적인 침하기준이 필요한 것으로 나타났다.

Keywords

References

  1. Clough, G.W., O'Rourke, T.D. (1990), "Construction-induced movements of insitu walls", Proceedings of the Design and Performance of Earth Retaining Structures, ASCE Special Conference, Ithaca, New York, pp. 439-470.
  2. Clough, G.W., Smith, E.M., Sweeney, B.P. (1989), "Movement control of excavation support systems by iterative design", Proceedings of the ASCE Foundation Engineering: Current Principles and Practice, Vol. 2, ASCE, New York, 869-884.
  3. Cording, E.J. (1984), Use of empirical data for braced excavations and tunnels in soil, Lecture Series, Chicago ASCE, Chicago, IL.
  4. Cording, E.J., O'Rourke, T.D. (1977), "Excavation, ground movements and their influence on buildings", Proceedings of the ASCE Annual Convention, Session 40, San Francisco.
  5. Faustin, N.E., Mair, R.J., Elshafie, M.Z.E.B., Menkiti, C.O., Black, M. (2017), "Field measurements of ground movements associated with circular shaft construction", Proceedings of the 9th International Symposium on Geotechnical Aspects of Underground Construction in Soft Ground (IS-Sao Paulo), CRC Press, Leiden, The Netherlands, pp. 301-308.
  6. Fausitn, N.E., Elshafie, M.Z.E.B., Mair, R.J. (2018), "Case studies of circular shaft construction in London", Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers - Geotechnical Engineering, Vol. 171, No. 5, pp. 391-404. https://doi.org/10.1680/jgeen.17.00166
  7. Goldberg, D.T., Jaworski, W.E., Gordon, M.D. (1976), Lateral support systems and underpinning, Report FHWA-RD-75-128, Vol. 1, Federal Highway Administration, Washington D.C., pp. 312.
  8. Hsieh, P.G., Ou, C.Y. (1998), "Shape of ground surface settlement profiles caused by excavation", Canadian Geotechnical Journal, Vol. 35, No. 6, pp. 1004-1017. https://doi.org/10.1139/t98-056
  9. Jardine, R.J., Potts, D.M., Fourie, A.B., Burland, J.B. (1986), "Studies of the influence of non-linear stress-strain characteristics in soil-structure interaction", Geotechnique, Vol. 36, No. 3, pp. 377-396. https://doi.org/10.1680/geot.1986.36.3.377
  10. Kim, J.Y. (2022), "Evaluation of ground deformation during excavation of vertical shaft through centrifuge model test", Journal of the Korean Geotechnical Society, Vol. 38, No. 1, pp. 35-45. https://doi.org/10.7843/KGS.2022.38.1.35
  11. Ko, B.K. (2008), A study on ground deformation due to vertical shaft excavation in urban area, Master's Thesis, Hanyang University, pp. 73.
  12. Kung, G.T.C., Juang, C.H., Hsiao, E.C.L., Hashash, Y.M.A. (2007), "Simplified model for wall deflection and ground surface settlement caused by braced excavation in clays", Journal of Geotechnical and Geo-environmental Engineering, Vol. 133, No. 6, pp. 731-747. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)1090-0241(2007)133:6(731)
  13. Le, B.T., Goodey, R.J., Divall, S. (2019), "Surface ground movements due to circular shaft construction", Soils and Foundations, Vol. 59, No. 5, pp. 1160-1171. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sandf.2019.03.013
  14. Mana, A.I., Clough, G.W. (1981), "Prediction of movements for braced cuts in clay", Journal of the Geotechnical Engineering Division, ASCE, Vol. 107, No. 6, pp. 759-777. https://doi.org/10.1061/AJGEB6.0001150
  15. Menkiti, C.O., Long, M. (2015), "Consolidation settlements in Dublin boulder clay", Geotechnical Engineering for Infrastructure and Development: XVI European Conference on Soil Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering, ICE Publishing, London, UK, pp. 313-318.
  16. Milligan, G.W.E. (1974), The behavior of rigid and flexible retaining walls in sand, Ph.D. Thesis, University of Cambridge, London, UK.
  17. Mohamed, A.Z. (2017), Effect of diaphragm wall construction on adjacent deep foundation, Ph.D. Thesis, Technische Universitat Bergakademie, Freiberg, Germany.
  18. Muramatsu, M., Abe, Y. (1996), "Considerations in shaft excavation and peripheral ground deformation", Geotechnical Aspects of Underground Construction in Soft Ground, Balkema, Rotterdam, The Netherlands, pp. 173-178.
  19. New, B. (2017), "Settlements due to shaft construction", Tunnels and Tunnelling International, pp. 16-17.
  20. New, B.M., Bowers, K. (1994), "Ground movement model validation at the Heathrow Express trial tunnel", Proceedings of the 7th International Symposium Tunnelling '94, Chapman and Hall, London, UK, pp. 301-329.
  21. O'Rourke, T.D., Cording, E.J., Boscardin, M. (1976), The ground movements related to braced excavation and their influence on adjacent buildings, Final Report No. DOT-TST 76T-23.
  22. Park, H.J., Park, J.J., Jeong, S.S. (2022), "Effect of groundwater flow on the behavior of circular vertical shaft", Journal of the Korean Geotechnical Society, Vol. 38, No. 6, pp. 29-39. https://doi.org/10.7843/KGS.2022.38.6.29
  23. Peck, R.B. (1969), "State-of-the-art: Deep excavation and tunneling in soft ground", Proceedings of the Seventh International Conference on Soil Mechanics and Foundation Engineering, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico Instituto de Ingenira, Mexico City, Mexico, Vol. 3, pp. 225-290.
  24. Schuster, M., Kung, G.T.C., Juang, C.H., Hashash, Y.M.A. (2009), "Simplified model for evaluating damage potential of buildings adjacent to a braced excavation", Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering, Vol. 135, No. 12, pp. 1823-1835. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)GT.1943-5606.0000161
  25. Schwamb, T., Elshafie, M.Z.E.B., Soga, K., Mair, R.J. (2016), "Considerations for monitoring of deep circular excavations", Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers - Geotechnical Engineering, Vol. 169, No. 6, pp. 477-493. https://doi.org/10.1680/jgeen.15.00063
  26. Shin, Y.W., Park, T.S., Lee, I.K. (2005), "A method of estimating earth pressure on a shaft wall and ground settlement caused by excavation", Proceedings of the KSCE Tunnel Committee Special Conference, Goyang, pp. 151-167.
  27. Wong, R.C.K., Kaiser, P.K. (1988), "Behaviour of vertical shafts: reevaluation of model test results and evaluation of field measurements", Canadian Geotechnical Journal, Vol. 25, No. 2, pp. 338-352. https://doi.org/10.1139/t88-035