Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry

  • Volume 66
  • /
  • Pages.484-491
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  • 2023
  • /
  • 1976-0442(pISSN)
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  • 2234-7941(eISSN)
The Korean Society for Applied Biological Chemistry (한국응용생명화학회)
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Natural variation of functional components between Korean maize types

국내 옥수수 품종에 따른 기능성 성분의 자연 변이 분석

  • Jung-Won Jung (National Institute of Agricultural Sciences) ;
  • Myeong-Ji Kim (National Institute of Agricultural Sciences) ;
  • Imran Muhammad (National Institute of Agricultural Sciences) ;
  • Eun-Ha Kim (National Institute of Agricultural Sciences) ;
  • Soo-Yun Park (Technology Cooperation Bureau, Rural Development Administration) ;
  • Tae-Young Oh (Crop Cultivation Department, Gyeongsangbuk-do Agricultural Research and Extension Services) ;
  • Young-Sam Go (Department of Central Area Crop Science, National Institute of Crop Science, Rural Development Administration) ;
  • Moon-Jong Kim (Maize Research Institute, Gangwondo Agricultural Research and Extension Services) ;
  • Sang-Gu Lee (National Institute of Agricultural Sciences) ;
  • Seonwoo Oh (National Institute of Agricultural Sciences) ;
  • Hyoun-Min Park (National Institute of Agricultural Sciences)
  • Received : 2023.11.15
  • Accepted : 2023.12.06
  • Published : 2023.12.31
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Abstract

Maize is one of the major crops consumed in worldwide, which nutrients accounts for a large amount of starch, but also functional components, and phenolic acid is known to have a high content. Maize is divided into waxy maize, sweet maize, and normal maize with its shape and use, therefore there is also a difference in nutritional composition. This study was conducted to analyze the content of functional components according to the type of maize and to produce natural variation data in consideration of environmental factors. 3 shapes of maize (waxy maize, sweet maize, and normal maize) samples cultivated in 3 regions (Suwon, Daegu, and Hongcheon) were analyzed using HPLC and GC-TOF-MS. Comparing with type through ANOVA, multivariate statistical analysis, Pearson correlation analysis, 28 components, including carotenoids and tocopherols, showed significant differences among a total of 32 components (p <0.05), 15 of them showed very significant differences (p <0.001). When comparing with regions, 15 components showed significant differences and only vanillate, syringate, C23-ol of them showed most significant differences (p <0.001). As a result of principal component analysis, cluster classification was distinguished by shape than by region, with α-carotene, cholesterol for waxy maize, vanillate and stigmasterol for sweet maize, lutein and β-carotene for normal maize had a great effect on cluster formation. It suggests that the content of functional components is more affected by genetic factors than environmental factors.

옥수수는 전세계적으로 다양한 형태로 소비되는 3대 식량작물로, 영양성분은 대부분은 전분으로 구성되어 있지만, 다량의 기능성 성분도 포함되어 있다. 옥수수는 형태적으로 찰옥수수, 단옥수수, 종실옥수수로 나뉘는데, 각 품종마다 쓰임이 다르기 때문에, 영양성분에서도 차이가 나타난다. 본 연구는 옥수수의 기능성 성분 함량을 분석하고 환경적 요인을 고려하여 자연변이 데이터를 생산하기 위해 수행하였다. 국내 3개지역(수원, 대구, 홍천)에서 재배한 옥수수 3가지 형태의(찰옥수수, 단옥수수, 종실옥수수) 시료를 수집하고, HPLC 및 GC-TOF-MS를 이용하여 성분을 분석하였다. ANOVA 및 다변량 통계분석, Pearson 상관분석을 통해, 형태별 그룹으로 비교하였을 때, 총 32개의 성분 항목 중 28개의 성분 항목이 유의적 차이를 보였으며(p<0.05), 지역별 그룹으로 비교한 결과, 15개의 성분이 유의적 차이를 보였다. 다변량 분석결과, 지역별보다 형태별로 군집 구분이 뚜렷하게 형성되었는데, 형태별 군집 형성 주요하게 기여한 성분은 α-carotene, lutein과 δ-tocopherol이었다. 본 연구에 따르면, 옥수수 기능성 성분은 환경적 요인보다 유전적 요인에 의해 영향을 더 많이 받는 것으로 사료된다. 자연변이 데이터는 옥수수 기능성 소재 연구분야 및 생명공학작물의 식품학적 안전성 평가시 기초자료로 활용될 수 있다.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

본 연구는 농촌진흥청 연구개발사업(과제번호: PJ016727)의 지원으로 수행되었습니다.

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