Geomechanics and Engineering

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Shaking table test on seismic response and failure characteristics of ground fissures site during earthquakes

  • Chao, Zhang (School of Civil Engineering, Inner Mongolia University of Science & Technology) ;
  • Xuzhi, Nie (School of Civil Engineering, Inner Mongolia University of Science & Technology) ;
  • Zhongming, Xiong (School of Civil Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture & Technology) ;
  • Yuekui, Pang (School of Civil Engineering, Inner Mongolia University of Science & Technology) ;
  • Xiaolu, Yuan (School of Materials and Metallurgy, Inner Mongolia University of Science & Technology) ;
  • Yan, Zhuge (School of Natural & Built Environments, University of South Australia) ;
  • Youjun, Xu (School of Civil Engineering, Inner Mongolia University of Science & Technology)
  • Received : 2022.05.15
  • Accepted : 2023.01.13
  • Published : 2023.02.10
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Abstract

Ground fissures have a huge effect on the integrity of surface structures. In high-intensity ground fissure regions, however, land resource would be wasted and city building and economic development would be limited if the area avoiding principle was used. In view of this challenge, to reveal the seismic response and seismic failure characteristics of ground fissure sites, a shaking table test on model soil based on a 1:15 scale experiment was carried out. In the test, the spatial distribution characteristics of acceleration response and Arias intensity were obtained for a site exposed to earthquakes with different characteristics. Furthermore, the failure characteristics and damage evolution of the model soil were analyzed. The test results indicated that, with the increase in the earthquake acceleration magnitude, the crack width of the ground fissure enlarged from 0 to 5 mm. The soil of the hanging wall was characterized by earlier cracking and a higher abundance of secondary fissures at 45°. Under strong earthquakes, the model soil, especially the soil near the ground fissure, was severely damaged and exhibited reduced stiffness. As a result, its natural frequency also decreased from 11.41 Hz to 8.05 Hz, whereas the damping ratio increased from 4.8% to 9.1%. Due to the existence of ground fissure, the acceleration was amplified to nearly 0.476 m/s2, as high as 2.38 times of the input acceleration magnitude. The maximum of acceleration and Arias intensity appeared at the fissure zone, which decreased from the main fissure toward both sides, showing hanging wall effects. The seismic intensity, duration and frequency spectrum all had certain effects on the seismic response of the ground fissure site, but their influence degrees were different. The seismic response of the site induced by the seismic wave that had richer low-frequency components and longer duration was larger. The discrepancies of seismic response between the hanging wall and the footwall declined obviously when the magnitude of the earthquake acceleration increased. The research results will be propitious to enhancing the utilizing ratio of the limited landing resource, alleviation of property damages and casualties, and provide a good engineering application foreground.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

The authors would like to express their gratitude to everyone who participated in the work of the Key Lab of Structure and Earthquake Rsistance in Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology for their support. Furthermore, we would like to thank the editors and reviewers for the helpful comments and revisions. This study was funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 51278399), National Natural Science Foundation of Inner Mongolia (No.2021bs05013), and the Science and Technology Project of Ministry of Housing and UrbanRural Development of China (No.2019-k-044).

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