The Korea Journal of Herbology (대한본초학회지)

The Korea Association of Herbology (대한본초학회)
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Anti-neuroinflammatory effects of cultivated red ginseng with fermented complex mushroom-cereal mycelium on lipopolysaccharide activated BV2 microglial cells

LPS로 인해 활성화된 BV2 Microglia에서 발효 복합버섯-곡물 숙성균주 배양 홍삼(紅蔘)의 뇌신경염증 보호효과

  • Bitna, Kweon (Department of Pharmacology, School of Korean Medicine, Wonkwang University) ;
  • Jin-Young, Oh (Department of Pharmacology, School of Korean Medicine, Wonkwang University) ;
  • Dong-Uk, Kim (Department of Pharmacology, School of Korean Medicine, Wonkwang University) ;
  • Mi-Kyung, Jang (Department of Pharmacology, School of Korean Medicine, Wonkwang University) ;
  • Jun-Hyoung, Cho (Future Agriculture) ;
  • Sung-Joo, Park (Hanbang Cardio-Renal Syndrome Research Center, Wonkwang University) ;
  • Gi-Sang, Bae (Department of Pharmacology, School of Korean Medicine, Wonkwang University)
  • 권빛나 (원광대학교 한의과대학 약리학교실) ;
  • 오진영 (원광대학교 한의과대학 약리학교실) ;
  • 김동욱 (원광대학교 한의과대학 약리학교실) ;
  • 장미경 (원광대학교 한의과대학 약리학교실) ;
  • 조준형 (미래농업) ;
  • 박성주 (원광대학교 한방심신증후군연구센터) ;
  • 배기상 (원광대학교 한의과대학 약리학교실)
  • Received : 2022.11.14
  • Accepted : 2023.01.25
  • Published : 2023.01.30
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Abstract

Objectives : Neuroinflammation is a common pathological mechanism of neurodegenerative diseases, and the development of therapeutic agents is urgently needed. Red ginseng has been known to be good for the immune stimulation in Eastern Asia. Although the immuno-stimulatory activity of red ginseng are already known, the neuro-protective effects of cultivated red ginseng with fermented complex mushroom-cereal mycelium (RGFM) have not been conducted. Thus, in this study, we tried to investigate the anti-neuroinflammatory effect of RGFM water extract on lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulated BV2 cells. Methods : BV2 cells were pretreated with RGFM 1 h prior to LPS exposure. To determine the neuro-protective effects of RGFM water extract, we measured the expression of inflammatory mediators including inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 and nitric oxide (NO) and pro-inflammatory cytokines such as interleukin (IL)-1𝛽, IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-𝛼 in LPS-stimulated BV2 cells. In addition, to find out the regulatory mechanism of RGFM water extract, we assessed the protein levels of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) and inhibitory 𝜅B𝛼 (I𝜅B𝛼) by western blotting. Results : In our study, treatment of RGFM reduced the mRNA expression of iNOS and COX-2 and suppressed NO production in LPS-stimulated BV2 cells. Additionally, the secretion of IL-1𝛽 and TNF-𝛼 but not IL-6 was significantly inhibited by RGFM. Furthermore, RGFM water extract inhibited the phosphorylation of c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK). Conclusions : Taken together, these findings suggest that RGFM water extract has a protective effect on neuroinflammation through inhibition of JNK.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

본 연구는 2022년도 원광대학교 교비지원에 의해 수행되었습니다.

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