한국초지조사료학회지 (Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science)

  • 제43권4호
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  • Pages.257-267
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  • 2023
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  • 2287-5824(pISSN)
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  • 2287-5832(eISSN)
한국초지조사료학회 (The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science)
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초지 바이오매스 부문 온실가스 인벤토리 구축을 위한 국제 동향과 국내 적용 가능성 평가

Verification of International Trends and Applicability in the Republic of Korea for a Greenhouse Gas Inventory in the Grassland Biomass Sector

  • 이슬기 (상지대학교 조경산림학과) ;
  • 이정관 (전남대학교 산림자원학과) ;
  • 김현준 (전남대학교 산림자원학과)
  • Sle-gee Lee (Department of Forest Landscape Architecture, Sangji University) ;
  • Jeong-Gwan Lee (Department of Forest Resources, Chonnam National University) ;
  • Hyun-Jun Kim (Department of Forest Resources, Chonnam National University)
  • 투고 : 2023.10.30
  • 심사 : 2023.12.26
  • 발행 : 2023.12.29
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초록

본 연구는 초지 바이오매스 부문에 대한 국제적 경향과 이를 통한 국내 적용 가능성을 검토하기 위해 수행되었다. 초지 분야는 LULUCF 내 타 분야에 비해 상대적으로 연구 수준이 낮은 편으로 UNFCCC에 보고된 각 국가별 NIR을 기준으로 Approach 2 수준의 Tier 1 방법이 가장 높은 빈도로 적용되고 있었다. IPCC 가이드라인의 Tier 1 방법에서 초지 바이오매스 부문은 연 변화량을 0으로 간주하기 때문에 LULUCF 타 분야에 비해 정형화된 기본 체계가 없이 국가 상황에 따른 다양한 산정 방법을 적용하는 특징이 나타났다. 국내 초지 바이오매스에 대한 Tier 2 이상의 방법에 적용 가능한 산정 방법을 항목별로 분류하면, 인간에 의한 초지 이용 유형을 구분하는지, 초지 내 목본 식생을 포함하는지, 재해로 인한 손실량을 산정하는지, 초지 관리 방법에 따른 차이를 적용하는지 여부였다. 각 항목에서 발생하는 유의미한 차이가 국내에 적용할 수 있는지를 확인하기 위하여 국내를 대상으로 현장 조사와 활동 자료 분석을 수행하였다. 현 시점에서 국내에서 확인 가능한 항목은 초지의 정의에 따른 공간 구성과 이용 유형에 따른 탄소량 차이로 나타났다. 연구 결과, 이용 유형에 따라서 방목지, 섭식이 수행된 방목지, 채초지에서 바이오매스 탄소량의 유의미한 차이가 나타났고, 기후대, 토양형에 따른 차이도 존재하고 있었다. 따라서 IPCC 가이드라인의 기후대와 토양형을 기준으로 한 세분류가 국내에서도 타당한 초지 분류 체계로 적용될 수 있는 것으로 분석되었다. 반면, 초지 바이오매스 부문에서 활용 가능한 국가 공간 자료와 현장 자료의 불일치성이 지나치게 높아 전국 단위의 적용은 신뢰도가 낮은 상황이다. 국제 동향에서 나타난 주요 함의를 국내의 상황과 비교하였을 때, 초지 분야에 대한 더 높은 수준의 온실가스 인벤토리 작성을 위해서는 기후대-토양형 유형에 대한 국가고유계수 개발과 더불어 활용 가능한 공간자료의 마련과 이를 뒷받침할 수 있는 정책 및 제도 체계가 시급히 마련되어야 할 것이다.

The grassland section of the greenhouse gas inventory has limitations due to a lack of review and verification of biomass compared to organic carbon in soil while grassland is considered one of the carbon storages in terrestrial ecosystems. Considering the situation at internal and external where the calculation of greenhouse gas inventory is being upgraded to a method with higher scientific accuracy, research on standards and methods for calculating carbon accumulation of grassland biomass is required. The purpose of this study was to identify international trends in the calculation method of the grassland biomass sector that meets the Tier 2 method and to conduct a review of variables applicable to the Republic of Korea. Identify the estimation methods and access levels for grassland biomass through the National Inventory Report in the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change and type the main implications derived from overseas cases. And, a field survey was conducted on 28 grasslands in the Republic of Korea to analyse the applicability of major issues. Four major international issues regarding grassland biomass were identified. 1) country-specific coefficients by land use; 2) calculations on woody plants; 3) loss and recovery due to wildfire; 4) amount of change by human activities. As a result of field surveys and analysis of activity data available domestically, it was found that there was a significant difference in the amount of carbon in biomass according to use type classification and climate zone-soil type classification. Therefore, in order to create an inventory of grassland biomass at the Tier 2 level, a policy and institutional system for making activity data should develop country-specific coefficients for climate zones and soil types.

키워드

과제정보

본 연구는 농촌진흥청 신농업기후변화대응체계구축사업(PJ014923022023)의 지원에 의해 이루어진 것임.

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