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Evaluation of Growth Characteristics and Feed Value of Korean Native Sweet Sorghum as Forage Crop

사료작물로서 국내 재래종 단수수의 생육 특징 및 사료가치 평가

  • 최현식 (횡성군농업기술센터) ;
  • 성하균 (상지대학교 동물자원학과)
  • Received : 2023.10.16
  • Accepted : 2023.12.11
  • Published : 2023.12.29

Abstract

This study was to evaluate the values of Korean native sweet sorghum as a new feed crop for ruminants. Sweet sorghum was the Muan native species (Bioenergy Crop Research Center, National Institute of Crop Science), and cultivated from May to October 2021 at Sangji University (Wonju-si, Gangwon-do, Korea). There were a non-treated group (Con), a recommended amount treatment (RD) and a treatment with double the recommended amount (Double RD) by an oil cake fertilizer. Plant height was measured at weekly intervals for 12 weeks after planting sweet sorghum seedlings, and was a significant difference in the order of Double RD, followed by RD and Con in 7 weeks (p<0.05). Feed values and sugar contents were measured in 7, 9, and 11 weeks. Crude protein of Double RD was higher than that of the other treatments in 7 and 9 weeks (p<0.05). Crude fat was higher at Double RD than the other one in 9 weeks (p<0.05). ADF and NDF of Double RD were higher than the other one (p<0.05). When it was compared to corn and sudangrass hybrids grown on farms, Crude protein was lower in sweet sorghum than other crops (p<0.05), and crude fat was higher in sweet sorghum than corn (p<0.05). Crude fiber, ADF and NDF were higher in sweet sorghum compared to corn and sudangrass (p<0.05). The sugar contents of sweet sorghum were 4.07 ± 0.12~7.63 ± 0.21 brix, and showed higher than corn and sudangrass hybrid (p<0.05). The rumen in situ digestibility of sweet sorghum was 30.73~38.13% at the 9th and 11th weeks, and showed higher than that of corn and sudangrass hybrids (p<0.05). Therefore, it is considered that Korean native sweet sorghum has sufficient value as a new forage crop for ruminants, and good value as yield, nutrients and digestibility, when the grass height is 273.33~332.50 cm.

본 연구에서는 새로운 사료작물로서 국내 재래종 단수수의 반추 동물용 사료가치를 평가하기 위하여 무안재래종(국립식량과학원 바이오에너지작물연구소)을 공시하여 실험을 실시하였다. 단수수 재배는 유박비료를 정량 처리한 권장량구(RD), 권장량의 2배 처리구(Double RD) 및 무처리구(Con)를 두어 상지대학교 (강원도 원주시)에서 2021년 5월부터 10월까지 재배하였다. 단수수 모종을 포장에 이식 후 일주일 간격으로 12주간 초장 및 분지수를 조사하였고, 영양 성분, 당도 및 반추위 in vitro 소화율을 7, 9 및 11주에 측정하였다. 단수수는 초기에는 완만한 성장을 하다가 6~7 주차에 성장이 가장 빨랐고, 이후에는 정체를 나타내었다. 7주차 초장은 권장량 2배구가(295.00 ± 18.92cm), 권장량(273.33 ± 18.04cm) 및 무처리(229.17 ± 16.34cm) 순으로 큰 차이를 보였다(p<0.05). 조단백질은 7 및 9주차에 권장량 2배구(8.91 ± 0.11%, 5.74 ± 0.22%)가 다른 실험구보다 높은 수준을 나타내었고(p<0.05), 조지방은 9주차에는 권장량 2배구(1.38 ± 0.10%)가 다른 실험구보다 높았다(p<0.05). ADF는 7, 9 및 11주차에 권장량 2배구가 각각 36.14 ± 0.04, 25.48 ± 0.74 및 23.74 ± 0.59%로 가장 높게 나타났으며(p<0.05), NDF도 권장량 2배구가 7 및 9주차(47.55 ± 0.34 및 43.78 ± 0.27%)로 가장 높았다(p<0.05). 농가에서 재배한 옥수수(광평옥) 및 수단그라스 교잡종(그린스타)과 비교하였을 때 조단백질 함량은 단수수가 낮았고(p<0.05), 조지방 함량은 단수수가 옥수수에 비하여 높게 나타났다(p<0.05). 그리고 조섬유 함량, ADF 및 NDF는 단수수가 옥수수 및 수단그라스에 비하여 높았다(p<0.05). 단수수의 당도는 9 및 11주차에는 무처리구(6.13 ± 0.21 및 7.63 ± 0.21 brix) 및 권장량구(6.17 ± 0.12 및 7.27 ± 0.12 brix)가 권장량 2배구(4.07 ± 0.12 및 4.67 ± 0.06 brix)보다 높게 나타났고(p<0.05), 농가 재배 옥수수 및 수단그라스 교잡종보다 높게 나타났다(p<0.05). 반추위 in situ 소화율은 9주차 및 11주차에서 30.73~38.13% 수준이었으며, 농가 재배 옥수수 및 수단그라스 교잡종보다 높았다(p<0.05). 따라서 이상의 연구 결과를 볼 때 재래종 단수수는 조사료 작물로서 충분한 가치를 보유하고 있고, 초장이 273.33~332.50cm(9주차)일 때 사료작물로서 생산량, 소화율 및 영양가 등 양호할 것으로 사료된다. 또한 우수한 당도는 조사료로써 활용 측면에서 큰 장점으로 작용할 것이다.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

이 성과는 강원도 횡성군의 재원으로 횡성군농업기술센터의 지원을 받아 수행된 연구임. 이에 감사드립니다.

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