한국초지조사료학회지 (Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science)

  • 제43권4호
  • /
  • Pages.216-224
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  • 2023
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  • 2287-5824(pISSN)
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  • 2287-5832(eISSN)
한국초지조사료학회 (The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science)
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고위도 기후대 재배 적합 국산 사료용 옥수수 품종 선발

Selection of Forage Corn Varieties Adapted to High Latitude (The South of Mt. Suyang)

  • 손재한 (국립식량과학원 중부작물과) ;
  • 배환희 (국립식량과학원 중부작물과) ;
  • 고영삼 (국립식량과학원 중부작물과) ;
  • 하준영 (국립식량과학원 중부작물과) ;
  • 구본일 (국립식량과학원 철원출장소) ;
  • 백만기 (국립식량과학원 철원출장소) ;
  • 김정주 (국립식량과학원 재배환경과) ;
  • 손범영 (국립식량과학원 중부작물과) ;
  • 정태욱 (국립식량과학원 중부작물과)
  • Jae-Han Son (Central Area Crop Breeding Division, National Institute of Crop Science, RDA) ;
  • Hwan-Hee Bae (Central Area Crop Breeding Division, National Institute of Crop Science, RDA) ;
  • Young Sam Go (Central Area Crop Breeding Division, National Institute of Crop Science, RDA) ;
  • Jun-Young Ha (Central Area Crop Breeding Division, National Institute of Crop Science, RDA) ;
  • Bonil Ku (National Institute of Crop Science, RDA) ;
  • Man-Kee Baek (National Institute of Crop Science, RDA) ;
  • Jeong-Ju Kim (Crop Cultivation and Environment Research Division, National Institute of Crop Science, RDA) ;
  • Beom-Young Son (Central Area Crop Breeding Division, National Institute of Crop Science, RDA) ;
  • Tae-Wook Jung (Central Area Crop Breeding Division, National Institute of Crop Science, RDA)
  • 투고 : 2023.10.24
  • 심사 : 2023.12.11
  • 발행 : 2023.12.29
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초록

사료용옥수수(사일리지)의 가장 중요한 요소는 병해충 저항성, 후기녹체성과 같은 재배안정성과 수량성이다. 위도는 일장과 온도 등 기후와 매우 밀접하게 연관되어 있다. 본 연구는 38° 이상 고위도 기후대, 특히 북한의 수양산 이남지역에서 재배하여 사료용으로서 가치가 높은 국산 품종을 선발하기 위해 옥수수의 생육특성, 수량성 및 사료가치를 분석하기 위해 수행되었다. 그 이유는 현재 또는 미래의 북한 식량문제를 해결하기 위한 것이다. 특히 북한의 청소년들의 단백질 공급원이 매우 부족한 실정이기 때문에 육류뿐만 아니라 우유 등 축산물 생산량 향상을 위해 가축의 조사료로서 가치가 매우 높은 옥수수의 재배 시험을 수행하였다. 시험은 북한의 수양산 이남지역과 기후 특성이 유사한 수원에서 국산품종 등 11개 품종을 시험하였다. 그 결과 수량 및 사료가치 특성에서 우수한 품종들이 확인되었지만, 그 중에서도 다청옥이 가장 재배에 적합할 것으로 판단되었다. 다청옥은 건물과 TDN 수량은 각각 26.37 ton/ha과 12.9 ton/ha로 다른 품종보다 많았고, 다음으로 평강옥, 신황옥, 광평옥 등이 많았다. 또한 다청옥은 후기 녹체성이 우수하기 때문에 수량뿐만 아니라 사료가치 측면에서도 매우 우수하다. 따라서 이들 결과와 함께 앞으로 북한의 수양산 이남지역 현장에서 직접 재배시험을 수행하여 다청옥에 대한 재배기술을 추가로 확립한다면 앞으로 북한의 식량문제를 해결하는데 큰 도움이 될 것으로 기대된다.

Since maize (Zea mays L.) originated in central and south America, it requires warm climate conditions throughout its growing season. Growth halts when night-time temperatures drop below 10℃, and the plant may die if temperature reach -1.7℃. Thus, temperature should be maintained between 10 and 30℃ from seeding to maturity. The germination temperature for maize should be at least 8-11℃, whit an optimal range 32-34℃. Since temperature significantly affects the germination rate and period, it plays a crucial role in maize growth. In this study, we evaluated the quantity and feed value of 11 major varieties to determine those best suited for maize cultivation as feed in higher latitude, specifically in Democratic People's of Republic of Korea, below 38 degrees north. A cultivation test was also conducted in Suwon in Republic of Korea, to assess adaptability in areas south of Mt. Suyang. Among the varieties tested, Shinhwangok2 reached silking the fastest, in 65 days, while Gwangpyeongok took the longest at 75 days. The stem length of all varieties exceeded 230 cm. Gwangpyeongok had the tallest stems, while Daanok and Shinhwangok2ho displayed the highest ear ratios. Dacheongok presented the highest values in both dry matter and TDN quantity, with 31,420 kg/ha and 21,66 kg/ha respectively. Pyeonggangok had the highest crude protein content at 8.0%. TDN (%) ranged from 57-68%, with Hwangdaok reaching up to 68%. Based on these findings, Dacheongok and Pyeonggangok appear to be the most suitable varieties for cultivation in terms of both quantity and feed value.

키워드

과제정보

본 논문은 농촌진흥청 작물시험연구사업(과제명: 고위도 지역 적응 사료용 옥수수 최적 안정 생산 및 활용기술 개발, 과제번호: PJ015752012023, RS-2021-RD009755)의 지원에 의해 이루어진 결과로 이에 감사드립니다.

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