Abstract
This study is about the architectural changes over time in Dongchun-gotaek, the house of Song Jun-gil, one of the representative figures of the Hoseosarim(湖西士林), also an architectural cultural asset representing Daejeon. Data related to Sangryang(上樑) found in the restoration process of Dongchundang(同春堂) and DongchundangJongtaek(同春堂 宗宅), the state designated heritage application report written by Daejeon Metropolitan City, Deokeun-gaseung(德恩家乘), a book which has been handed down from generation to generation from Dongchundang Munjeonggongpa(同春堂 文正公派) of Eunjin Song's Clan and the results of partial excavation surveys respectively conducted in 2010 and 2020 were used as basic research data, and these data were compared and analyzed to examine the changes of the arrangement of Dongchundang, Jeongchim(正寢), and ancestral shrine buildings. Dongchundang was built by Song Jun-Gil. Rather than a new building, it was a building that was basically relocated to its current area when Cheongjwawa(淸坐窩), which was built by his father, dilapidated, and the timing of its construction can be clarified through Sangryangmun(上樑文). However, in the estimated area of Cheongjwawa, no exact site was found in two surveys of buried cultural heritages. In the case of Jeongchim, it was possible to confirm that it had been relocated two times, and it can be said that the biggest achievement of this study was to confirm that the first relocation was outside the current fence. In addition, one of the building sites which was identified in the excavation survey for confirming the servants' quarters was estimated to be the first construction at the site of Dongchun-gotaek. In the shrine area, there were the first constructed Gamyo(家廟), including Byeolmyo(別廟) dedicated to Bulcheonwi(不遷位), and Jomyo(祧廟) dedicated to Checheon(遞遷), and it can be seen that it was a space where many changes such as new construction, demolition, or mutual exchange of location occurred over time. The present buildings arrangement through these processes was not far from the original plan of Song Joon-gil. Therefore, the name of 'Dongchun-gotaek' is appropriate.
본 연구는 호서사림(湖西士林)을 대표하는 인물 중 한 명인 동춘당 송준길의 향거(鄕居)이자 대전지역을 대표하는 건축문화재인 동춘고택 내의 시기별 건축 변화에 관한 것이다. 2012년과 2013년, 동춘당과 동춘당 종택을 각각 수리하는 과정에서 발견된 상량(上樑) 관련 자료들과 대전광역시에서 작성한 『국가지정문화재 신청 자료보고서』, 은진송씨 동춘당 문정공파에서 가전(家傳)되어 온 『덕은가승(德恩家乘)』과 2010년 및 2020년에 각각 실시되었던 부분 발굴조사 결과들을 연구 기초자료로 활용했고 이들을 비교 분석하여 동춘당과 정침(正寢) 및 사당 건물의 위치 변화를 살펴보았다. 동춘당은 송준길에 의해 건립되었는데 신축이라기보다는 아버지가 건립했던 청좌와(淸坐窩)가 퇴락하자 현재의 지역으로 옮겨지은, 이축(移築)에 가까운 건물이며 상량문(上樑文)을 통해 그 건립시기를 명확히 밝힐 수 있었다. 다만 청좌와가 있던 자리는 2차례에 걸친 매장문화재 조사에서도 정확한 터가 확인되지 않았다. 정침의 경우 두 번의 이건(移建)을 확인할 수 있었으며, 그 중 첫 번째 이건지가 현재의 담장 외부였음을 확인한 것은 본 연구의 가장 큰 의미라고 할 수 있다. 또한, 행랑채 확인을 위한 발굴조사에 확인된 건물지 중 하나는 동춘고택 터에서의 최초의 건축으로 추정해 보았다. 사당 영역은 처음 건립되었던 가묘(家廟)를 비롯해 불천위(不遷位)를 모신 별묘(別廟)와 체천(遞遷) 사당인 조묘(祧廟)가 있었으며, 시간이 흐르면서 신축과 멸실 또는 상호 간의 위치 교환 등의 많은 변화가 발생했던 공간이었음을 알 수 있었다.