Clinical and Experimental Vaccine Research

The Korean Vaccine Society (대한백신학회)
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Field evaluation of the safety and immunogenicity of a classical swine fever virus E2 subunit vaccine in breeding and nursery animals on Jeju Island, South Korea

  • Guehwan Jang (College of Veterinary Medicine and Virus Vaccine Research Center, Gyeongsang National University) ;
  • Eun-Joo Kim (Animal Health Division, Jeju Special Self-Governing Province) ;
  • Seong-Cheol Cho (Animal Health Division, Jeju Special Self-Governing Province) ;
  • Sung-Up Moon (Animal Health Division, Jeju Special Self-Governing Province) ;
  • Byeong Soo Kim (Veterinary Research Institute, Jeju Special Self-Governing Province) ;
  • Jinhee Kim (Veterinary Research Institute, Jeju Special Self-Governing Province) ;
  • Kyoung Ju Jeong (Veterinary Research Institute, Jeju Special Self-Governing Province) ;
  • Kyungok Song (Veterinary Research Institute, Jeju Special Self-Governing Province) ;
  • Seong Hwan Mun (Veterinary Research Institute, Jeju Special Self-Governing Province) ;
  • Won-Myoung Kang (Veterinary Research Institute, Jeju Special Self-Governing Province) ;
  • Jonghoo Lee (Jeju-si Livestock Division, Jeju Special Self-Governing Province) ;
  • Changnam Park (Seogwipo-si Livestock Division, Jeju Special Self-Governing Province) ;
  • Hyoung-Seok Yang (Seogwipo-si Livestock Division, Jeju Special Self-Governing Province) ;
  • Changhee Lee (College of Veterinary Medicine and Virus Vaccine Research Center, Gyeongsang National University)
  • Received : 2022.07.11
  • Accepted : 2022.08.22
  • Published : 2022.09.30
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Abstract

Purpose: Classical swine fever (CSF) reemerged on CSF-free Jeju Island where vaccination is not practiced by the unintentional injection of a live attenuated vaccine (modified live attenuated vaccines-low-virulence Miyagi [MLV-LOM]) in 2014. Since the Jeju provincial authority is considering adopting a voluntary immunization policy using a CSF-E2 subunit vaccine to combat LOM-derived CSF endemic, this study aimed to evaluate in Jeju herds. Materials and Methods: Two vaccination trials using the Bayovac CSF-E2 vaccine licensed for use in South Korea assessed the safety and humoral immunity of the CSF-E2 vaccine in breeding (trial 1) and nursery animals (trial 2) under farm application conditions. Results: Neither local nor systemic (including reproductive) adverse effects were objectively observed in pregnant sows and young piglets following a respective vaccination regime at pregnancy or weaning, respectively. Trial 1 showed that sows immunized with the CSF-E2 vaccine possessed high and consistent E2-specific and neutralizing antibody levels. The CSF-E2 vaccine-immunized pregnant sows subsequently conferred appropriate and steady passive immunity to their offspring. In trial 2, a double immunization scheme of the CSF-E2 vaccine in piglets at 40 and 60 days of age could elicit a consistent and long-lasting adequate antibody response. Additionally, the two trials detected no Erns-specific antibody responses, indicating that CSF-E2 vaccine can differentiate infected from vaccinated animals (DIVA). Conclusion: Our trial data collectively provide invaluable information on applying the CSF-E2 subunit vaccine to circumvent the possible drawbacks associated with the MLV-LOM concerning the safety, efficacy, and DIVA, in the LOM-endemic field farms and contribute to advanced CSF eradication on Jeju Island.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

This research was supported by the Korea Institute of Planning and Evaluation for Technology in Food, Agriculture and Forestry (IPET) through Animal Disease Management Technology Development Program, funded by the Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs (MAFRA) (119081-5).

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