Journal of Korea Water Resources Association (한국수자원학회논문집)

Korea Water Resources Association (한국수자원학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

A review on urban inundation modeling research in South Korea: 2001-2022

도시침수 모의 기술 국내 연구동향 리뷰: 2001-2022

  • Lee, Seungsoo (Water and Land Research Group) ;
  • Kim, Bomi (Department of Civil Engineering, Kumoh National Institute of Technology) ;
  • Choi, Hyeonjin (Department of Civil Engineering, Kumoh National Institute of Technology) ;
  • Noh, Seong Jin (Department of Civil Engineering, Kumoh National Institute of Technology)
  • 이승수 (한국환경연구원 물국토연구본부) ;
  • 김보미 (금오공과대학교 토목공학과) ;
  • 최현진 (금오공과대학교 토목공학과) ;
  • 노성진 (금오공과대학교 토목공학과)
  • Received : 2022.09.06
  • Accepted : 2022.10.04
  • Published : 2022.10.31
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

In this study, a state-of-the-art review on urban inundation simulation technology was presented summarizing major achievements and limitations, and future research recommendations and challenges. More than 160 papers published in major domestic academic journals since the 2000s were analyzed. After analyzing the core themes and contents of the papers, the status of technological development was reviewed according to simulation methodologies such as physically-based and data-driven approaches. In addition, research trends for application purposes and advances in overseas and related fields were analyzed. Since more than 60% of urban inundation research used Storm Water Management Model (SWMM), developing new modeling techniques for detailed physical processes of dual drainage was encouraged. Data-based approaches have become a new status quo in urban inundation modeling. However, given that hydrological extreme data is rare, balanced research development of data and physically-based approaches was recommended. Urban inundation analysis technology, actively combined with new technologies in other fields such as artificial intelligence, IoT, and metaverse, would require continuous support from society and holistic approaches to solve challenges from climate risk and reduce disaster damage.

본 총설연구에서는 도시침수 모의 기술의 체계와 발전 과정을 정리하고, 주요 성과와 한계점을 파악하여 향후 연구 방향과 도전 과제를 제시하였다. 이를 위해 2000년대 이후 국내 주요 학술논문집에 수록된 도시침수 모의 관련 논문 160여편을 분석하여 연구의 핵심 주제와 내용을 살펴본 후, 물리 및 데이터 기반 모형의 침수모의 세부 방법론별로 기술의 발전 현황에 대해 정리하였다. 또한, 국내 도시침수 모의 기술의 활용목적별 동향, 국외 및 연관 분야 연구동향에 대해서도 분석하였다. 국내 도시침수 모의 연구에서 Storm Water Management Model (SWMM) 모형을 활용하는 비율이 60%를 넘는 것으로 조사되었으며, 이중 배제(dual drainage)의 도시침수 물리 과정을 상세히 해석하는 국내 기술에 대한 연구가 필요한 것으로 판단되었다. 한편, 딥러닝(deep learning) 등 데이터 기반 모의 기술은 도시침수 해석의 새로운 분야로 자리매김하였다. 다만, 모형 훈련을 위한 극한기상조건에 대한 침수자료는 관측 만으로 확보할 수 없으므로, 고정확도 물리 모형과 데이터 기반 모형 연구는 상호보완적으로 진행되어야 할 필요가 있다. 도시침수 모의 기술은 인공지능이나 IoT, 메타버스 등 타 분야 신기술과의 접목이 활발히 이루어지고 있으며, 기후 위기 적응과 재해 피해 저감을 위해 지속적인 사회적 투자와 융합 연구가 필요한 분야로 판단된다.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

이 성과는 한국환경연구원의 2022년도 기본과제 '기후위기 대응을 위한 도시침수 관리 정책 개선방안 연구(RE2022-15)'와 한국수자원공사(K-water)의 개방형 혁신 R&D (21-BC-001) 사업 및 정부(과학기술정보통신부)의 재원으로 한국연구재단(No. 2022R1A4A5028840)의 지원을 받아 수행된 연구임.

References

  1. Ahn, J.-H., and Jeong, C.-S. (2018). "Numerical simulation of the flood event induced temporally and spatially concentrated rainfall-on August 17, 2017, the flood event of Cheonggyecheon." Journal of Korean Society of Disaster and Security, Vol. 11, No. 2, pp. 45-52. https://doi.org/10.21729/KSDS.2018.11.2.45
  2. Ahn, J.-H., Cho, W.-C., and Jung, J.-H. (2014). "Flood simulation for basin-shaped urban watershed considering surface flow." Journal of the Korean Society of Civil Engineers, Vol. 34, No. 3, pp. 841-847. https://doi.org/10.12652/KSCE.2014.34.3.0841
  3. Ahn, J.-H., Cho, W.-C., and Kim, H.-S. (2012). "A study on flooding characteristic value for the decision method of an urban basin design magnitude." Journal of Korea Water Resources Association, Vol. 45, No. 10, pp. 1035-1041. https://doi.org/10.3741/JKWRA.2012.45.10.1035
  4. Ahn, J.-H., Kim, K.-W., and Cho, W.-C. (2013). "Flooding risk assessment using flooding characteristic values." Journal of the Korean Society of Civil Engineers, Vol. 33, No. 3, pp. 957-964. https://doi.org/10.12652/KSCE.2013.33.3.957
  5. Ahn, T.-J., Park, J.-Y., Lyu, H.-J., and Kim, J.-H. (2003). "A study on determination of capacity for pump and detention pond in small basins for flood control." Journal of Korea Water Resources Association, Vol. 36, No. 3, pp. 385-398. https://doi.org/10.3741/JKWRA.2003.36.3.385
  6. An, H., and Yu, S. (2011). "Numerical simulation of urban flash flood experiments using adaptive mesh refinement and cut cell method." Journal of Korea Water Resources Association, Vol. 44, No. 7, pp. 511-522. https://doi.org/10.3741/JKWRA.2011.44.7.511
  7. An, H.-U., Jeong, A.-C., Kim, Y.-S., and Noh, J.-W. (2018). "Development of 2D inundation model based on adaptive cut cell mesh (K-Flood)." Journal of Korea Water Resources Association, Vol. 51, No. 10, pp. 853-862. https://doi.org/10.3741/JKWRA.2018.51.10.853
  8. Bae, D.-H., Shim, J.B., and Yoon, S.-S. (2012). "Development and assessment of flow nomograph for the real-time flood forecasting in Cheonggye Stream." Journal of Korea Water Resources Association, Vol. 45, No. 11, pp. 1107-1119. https://doi.org/10.3741/JKWRA.2012.45.11.1107
  9. Bulti, D.T., and Abebe, B.G. (2020). "A review of flood modeling methods for urban pluvial flood application." Modeling Earth Systems and Environment, Vol. 6, No. 3, pp. 1293-1302. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40808-020-00803-z
  10. Chen, A.S., Djordjevic, S., Leandro, J., and Savic, D. (2007). The urban inundation model with bidirectional flow interaction between 2D overland surface and 1D sewer networks. Sixth International Conference on Sustainable Techniques and Strategies in Urban Water Management, Lyon, France.
  11. Chen, Y., Zhou, H., Zhang, H., Du, G., and Zhou, J. (2015). "Urban flood risk warning under rapid urbanization." Environmental Research, Vol. 139, pp. 3-10. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2015.02.028
  12. Cho, W.-H., Han, K.-Y., Hwang, T.-J., and Son, A.-L. (2011). "2-D Inundation analysis in urban area considering building and road." Journal of The Korean Society of Hazard Mitigation, Vol. 11, No. 5, pp. 159-168. https://doi.org/10.9798/KOSHAM.2011.11.5.159
  13. Choi, J.-W., and Jun, H.-D. (2018). "Inundation damage assessment for coastal urban area considering complex causes of inundation." Journal of The Korean Society of Hazard Mitigation, Vol. 18, No. 6, pp. 283-290. https://doi.org/10.9798/KOSHAM.2018.18.6.283
  14. Choi, J.-W., Park, K.-J., Choi, S.-H., and Jun, H.-D. (2018). "A forecasting and alarm system for reducing damage from inland inundation in coastal urban areas: A case study of Yeosu City." Journal of The Korean Society of Hazard Mitigation, Vol. 18, No. 7, pp. 475-484.
  15. Choi, S.-M., Yoon, S.-S., Lee, B.-J., and Choi, Y.-J. (2015). "Evaluation of high-resolution QPE data for urban runoff analysis." Journal of Korea Water Resources Association, Vol. 48, No. 9, pp. 719-728. https://doi.org/10.3741/JKWRA.2015.48.9.719
  16. Djordjevic, S., Prodanovic, D., and Maksimovic, C. (1999). "An approach to simulation of dual drainage." Water Science and Technology, Vol. 39, No. 9, pp. 95-103. https://doi.org/10.2166/wst.1999.0451
  17. Ellis, J.H., McBean, E.A., and Mulamoottil, G. (1982). "Design of dual drainage systems using SWMM." Journal of the Hydraulics Division, Vol. 108, No. 10, pp. 1222-1227. https://doi.org/10.1061/JYCEAJ.0005919
  18. Fraga, I., Cea, L., and Puertas, J. (2017). "Validation of a 1D-2D dual drainage model under unsteady part-full and surcharged sewer conditions." Urban Water Journal, Vol. 14, No. 1, pp. 74-84. https://doi.org/10.1080/1573062X.2015.1057180
  19. Greydanus, S., Dzamba, M., and Yosinski, J. (2019). Hamiltonian neural networks. Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems, Curran Associates, Inc., NY, U.S.
  20. Guo, K., Guan, M., and Yu, D. (2021). "Urban surface water flood modelling - a comprehensive review of current models and future challenges." Hydrology and Earth System Sciences, Vol. 25, No. 5, pp. 2843-2860. https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-25-2843-2021
  21. Ha, S.-R., and Lee, K.-W. (2006). "Effect of a hydrologic similarity unit and storm sewer resolution on the SWMM model performance." Journal of the Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies, Vol. 9, No. 2, pp. 79-90.
  22. Hammond, M.J., Chen, A.S., Djordjevic, S., Butler, D., and Mark, O. (2015). "Urban flood impact assessment: A state-of-the-art review." Urban Water Journal, Vol. 12, No. 1, pp. 14-29. https://doi.org/10.1080/1573062X.2013.857421
  23. Haynes, P., Hehl-Lange, S., and Lange, E. (2018). "Mobile augmented reality for flood visualisation." Environmental Modelling & Software, Vol. 109, pp. 380-389. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envsoft.2018.05.012
  24. Heo, C.-H. (2003). "Characteristics of runoff variation due to watershed urbanization." Journal of Korea Water Resources Association, Vol. 36, No. 5, pp. 725-740. https://doi.org/10.3741/JKWRA.2003.36.5.725
  25. Hsu, M., Chen, S., and Chang, T. (2002). "Dynamic inundation simulation of storm water interaction between sewer system and overland flows." Journal of the Chinese Institute of Engineers, Vol. 25, No. 2, pp. 171-177. https://doi.org/10.1080/02533839.2002.9670691
  26. Hwang, J.-Y., Ahn, J.-H., Jeong, C.-S., and Heo, J.-H. (2018). "A study on the variation of design flood due to climate change in the ungauged urban catchment." Journal of Korea Water Resources Association, Vol. 51, No. 5, pp. 395-404. https://doi.org/10.3741/JKWRA.2018.51.5.395
  27. Hyun, J.-H., Park, H.-S., and Chung, G.-H. (2019). "Effects of the difference between ASOS and AWS data on runoff characteristics." Journal of The Korean Society of Hazard Mitigation, Vol. 19, No. 7, pp. 443-449. https://doi.org/10.9798/KOSHAM.2019.19.7.443
  28. Ivanov, V.Y., Xu, D., Dwelle, M.C., Sargsyan, K., Wright, D.B., Katopodes, N., Kim, J., Tran, V.N., Warnock, A., Fatichi, S., Burlando, P., Caporali, E., Restrepo, P., Sanders, B.F., Chaney, M.M., Nunes, A.M.B., Nardi, F., Vivoni, E.R., Istanbulluoglu, E., Bisht, G., and Bras, R.L. (2021). "Breaking down the computational barriers to real-time urban flood forecasting." Geophysical Research Letters, Vol. 48, No. 20, p. e2021GL093585. https://doi.org/10.1029/2021GL093585
  29. Jang, J.-K., Park, M.-K., Lee, N.-E., Lee, J.-M., and Yang, D.-M. (2020). "Real-time prediction of urban inundation based on SWMM 1D-1D model." Journal of The Korean Society of Hazard Mitigation, Vol. 20, No. 1, pp. 401-411. https://doi.org/10.9798/KOSHAM.2020.20.1.401
  30. Jeong, C.-S. (2020). "Development of a flood disaster evacuation map using two-dimensional flood analysis and BIM technology." Journal of Korean Society of Disaster and Security, Vol. 13, No. 2, pp. 53-63. https://doi.org/10.21729/KSDS.2020.13.2.53
  31. Jeong, D.-K., and Lee, B.-H. (2010). "Development of urban flood water level forecasting model using regression method." Journal of Korea Water Resources Association, Vol. 43, No. 2, pp. 221-231. https://doi.org/10.3741/JKWRA.2010.43.2.221
  32. Jeong, W.-C., Cho, Y.-S., and Lee, J.-W. (2009). "A Numerical study on characteristics of flood wave passing through urban areas (1): Development and verification of a numerical model." Journal of The Korean Society of Hazard Mitigation, Vol. 9, No. 6, pp. 89-97.
  33. Jeong, W.-C., and Kim, K.-H. (2011). "A study on inundation simulation in coastal urban areas using a two-dimensional numerical model." Journal of Korea Water Resources Association, Vol. 44, No. 8, pp. 601-617. https://doi.org/10.3741/JKWRA.2011.44.8.601
  34. Jo, D.-J. (2014). "Application of the urban flooding forecasting by the flood nomograph." Journal of The Korean Society of Hazard Mitigation, Vol. 14, No. 6, pp. 421-425. https://doi.org/10.9798/KOSHAM.2014.14.6.421
  35. Kang, H., Cho, J., Lee, H., Hwang, J., and Moon, H. (2021). "Development of an ANN-Based urban flood alert criteria prediction model and the impact of training data augmentation." Journal of The Korean Society of Hazard Mitigation, Vol. 21, No. 6, pp. 257-264. https://doi.org/10.9798/KOSHAM.2021.21.6.257
  36. Kang, J.-E., and Lee, M.-J (2015). "Analysis of urban infrastructure risk areas to flooding using neural network in Seoul." Journal of Korean Society of Civil Engineers, Vol. 35, No. 4, pp. 997-1006. https://doi.org/10.12652/Ksce.2015.35.4.0997
  37. Kang, M-S., and Yoo, C.-S. (2018). "Development of a shot noise process based rainfall-runoff model for urban flood warning system." Journal of Korea Water Resources Association, Vol. 51, No. 1, pp. 19-33. https://doi.org/10.3741/JKWRA.2018.51.1.19
  38. Kang, T.-U., and Lee, S.-H. (2012). "A study for a reasonable application of the SWMM to watershed runoff event simulation." Journal of The Korean Society of Hazard Mitigation, Vol. 12, No. 6, pp. 247-258. https://doi.org/10.9798/KOSHAM.2012.12.6.247
  39. Kang, T.-U., Lee, S.-H., Kang, S.-U., and Park, J.-P. (2012). "A study for an automatic calibration of urban runoff model by the SCE-UA." Journal of Korea Water Resources Association, Vol. 45, No. 1, pp. 15-27. https://doi.org/10.3741/JKWRA.2012.45.1.15
  40. Keum, H.-J., Kim, H.-I., and Yeun, H.-K. (2018). "Real-time forecast of rainfall impact on urban inundation." Journal of the Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies, Vol. 21, No. 3, pp. 76-92. https://doi.org/10.11108/KAGIS.2018.21.3.076
  41. Kim, C.-R., Kim, J.-S., and Yoon, S.-E. (2018a). "Applicability analysis of head loss coefficients at surcharge manholes for inundation analysis in urban area." Journal of the Korean Society of Civil Engineers, Vol. 38, No. 3, pp. 395-406. https://doi.org/10.12652/KSCE.2018.38.3.0395
  42. Kim, D.H., Park, H.J., Yoo, H.J., and Lee, S.O. (2022). "The applicability of metaverse for urban inundation response." Journal of Korean Society of Disaster & Security, Vol. 15, No. 2, pp. 13-25.
  43. Kim, D.-J., Song, Y.-H., and Lee, J.-H. (2020a). "A study on the improvement of reliability estimation method for sewer network considering resilience." Journal of The Korean Society of Hazard Mitigation, Vol. 20, No. 5, pp. 309-317. https://doi.org/10.9798/KOSHAM.2020.20.5.309
  44. Kim, H.-I., and Han, K.-Y. (2019). "Computation of criterion rainfall for urban flood by logistic regression." Journal of the Korean Society of Civil Engineers, Vol. 39, No. 6, pp. 713-723. https://doi.org/10.12652/KSCE.2019.39.6.0713
  45. Kim, H.-I., Han, K.-Y., and Lee, J.-Y. (2020b). "Prediction of urban flood extent by LSTM Model and logistic regression." Journal of the Korean Society of Civil Engineers, Vol. 40, No. 3, pp. 273-283. https://doi.org/10.12652/KSCE.2020.40.3.0273
  46. Kim, H.-I., Keum, H.-J., and Han, K.-Y. (2018b). "Application and comparison of dynamic artificial neural networks for urban inundation analysis." Journal of the Korean Society of Civil Engineers, Vol. 38, No. 5, pp. 671-683. https://doi.org/10.12652/KSCE.2018.38.5.0671
  47. Kim, H.-I., Keum, H.-J., and Han, K.-Y. (2018c). "Estimation of Inundation Area by Linking of Rainfall-Duration-Flooding Quantity Relationship Curve with Self-Organizing Map." Journal of the Korean Society of Civil Engineers, Vol. 38, No. 6, pp. 839-850. https://doi.org/10.12652/KSCE.2018.38.6.0839
  48. Kim, H.-I., Lee, J.-Y., Han, K.-Y., and Cho, J.-W. (2020c). "Applying observed rainfall and deep neural network for urban flood analysis." Journal of the Korean Society of Hazard Mitigation, Vol. 20, No. 1, pp. 339-350.
  49. Kim, H.I., Lee, Y., and Kim, B. (2021a). "Real-time flood prediction applying random forest regression model in urban areas." Journal of Korea Water Resources Association, Vol. 54, pp. 1119-1130. https://doi.org/10.3741/JKWRA.2021.54.S-1.1119
  50. Kim, H.-S., Hwang, J.-Y., Ahn, J.-H., and Jeong, C.-S. (2018d). "Analysis of rate of discharge change on urban catchment considering climate change." Journal of the Korean Society of Civil Engineers, Vol. 38, No. 5, pp. 645-654. https://doi.org/10.12652/KSCE.2018.38.5.0645
  51. Kim, J.-H., Ha, S.-M., Kim, T.-W., Park, Y.-J., Lee, G.-W., and Song, S.-H. (2021b). "Study of inundation response plan by inundation analysis in coastal urban area." Journal of Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society, Vol. 22, No. 12, pp. 845-852. https://doi.org/10.5762/KAIS.2021.22.12.845
  52. Kim, J.-S., Han, K.-Y., and Lee, C.-H. (2006). "Development and verification of inundation modeling with urban flooding caused by the surcharge of storm sewers." Journal of Korea Water Resources Association, Vol. 39, No. 12, pp. 1013-1022. https://doi.org/10.3741/JKWRA.2006.39.12.1013
  53. Kim, J.-Y., and Sung, S.-Y. (2016). "Forecasting possibility of flood occurrence in suwon under climate change applying stochastic simulation." Journal of Korea Planning Association, Vol. 51, No. 2, pp. 255-265. https://doi.org/10.17208/jkpa.2016.04.51.2.255
  54. Kim, M.-M., Lee, J.-W., and Yi, J.-E. (2007). "Development and application of grid-based urban surface runoff model." Journal of Korea Water Resources Association, Vol. 40, No. 1, pp. 25-38. https://doi.org/10.3741/JKWRA.2007.40.1.025
  55. Kim, S.-Y., Lee, B.-J., and Lee, A.-J. (2020d). "Flooding risk under climate change of fast growing cities in Vietnam." Journal of Korean Society of Disaster and Security, Vol. 13, No. 2, pp. 1-9. https://doi.org/10.21729/KSDS.2020.13.2.1
  56. Kim, Y. (2020). "A study on the flood reduction in Eco-delta city in Busan using observation rainfall and flood modelling." Journal of Wetlands Researh, Vol. 22, No. 3, pp. 187-193.
  57. Koo, Y.-M., and Seo, D.-G. (2017). "Parameter estimations to improve urban planning area runoff prediction accuracy using Stormwater Management Model (SWMM)." Journal of Korea Water Resources Association, Vol. 50, No. 5, pp. 303-313. https://doi.org/10.3741/JKWRA.2017.50.5.303
  58. Kwak, C.-J., and Lee, J.-J. (2012a). "A development of method for surface and subsurface runoff analysis in urban composite watershed (I) -Theory and development of module-." Journal of Korea Water Resources Association, Vol. 45, No. 1, pp. 39-52. https://doi.org/10.3741/JKWRA.2012.45.1.39
  59. Kwak, C.-J., and Lee, J.-J. (2012b). "A development of method for surface and subsurface runoff analysis in urban composite watershed (II) -Analysis and application-." Journal of Korea Water Resources Association, Vol. 45, No. 1, pp. 53-64. https://doi.org/10.3741/JKWRA.2012.45.1.53
  60. Kwon, S.H., Jung, H.W., Hwang, Y.K., Hoon, L.E., and Kim, J.H. (2021). "Combined Inland-River operation technique for reducing inundation in urban area: The case of Mokgam drainage watershed." Journal of Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society, Vol. 22, No. 1, pp. 257-266.
  61. Leandro, J., and Martins, R. (2016). "A methodology for linking 2D overland flow models with the sewer network model SWMM 5.1 based on dynamic link libraries." Water Science and Technology, Vol. 73, No. 12, pp. 3017-3026. https://doi.org/10.2166/wst.2016.171
  62. Leandro, J., Chen, A.S., Djordjevic, S., and Savic, D.A. (2009). "Comparison of 1D/1D and 1D/2D coupled (Sewer/Surface) hydraulic models for urban flood simulation." Journal of Hydraulic Engineering, Vol. 135, No. 6, pp. 495-504. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)HY.1943-7900.0000037
  63. Lee, B.-J., and Yoon, S.-S. (2017). "Development of Grid based Inundation Analysis Model (GIAM)." Journal of Korea Water Resources Association, Vol. 50, No. 3, pp. 181-190. https://doi.org/10.3741/JKWRA.2017.50.3.181
  64. Lee, B.-R., Jeong, D.-M., and Choi, S.-Y. (2019a). "Analysis of urban runoff discharge characteristics affected by climate change and urbanization: Case on Bokdae-dong basin." Journal of The Korean Society of Hazard Mitigation, Vol. 19, No. 3, pp. 41-46.
  65. Lee, C.-H., and Han, K.-Y. (2007a). "GIS-based urban flood inundation analysis model considering building effect." Journal of Korea Water Resources Association, Vol. 40, No. 3, pp. 223-236. https://doi.org/10.3741/JKWRA.2007.40.3.223
  66. Lee, C.H., and Han, K.Y. (2007b). "Integration model for urban flood inundationlinked with underground space flood analysis model." Journal of Korea Water Resources Association, Vol. 40, No. 4, pp. 313-324. https://doi.org/10.3741/JKWRA.2007.40.4.313
  67. Lee, C.-H., Han, J.-Y., and Kim, J.-S. (2006). "Urban inundation analysis by applying with GIS." Journal of the Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies, Vol. 9, No. 2, pp. 115-125.
  68. Lee, H., Kim, H.S., Kim, S., Kim, D., and Kim, J. (2021a). "Development of a method for urban flooding detection using unstructured data and deep learing." Journal of Korea Water Resources Association, Vol. 54, No. 12, pp. 1233-1242. https://doi.org/10.3741/JKWRA.2021.54.12.1233
  69. Lee, H.-S., Cho, J.-W., Kang, H.-S., and Hwang, J.-G. (2019b). "Applicability study on urban flooding risk criteria estimation algorithm using cross-validation and SVM." Journal of Korea Water Resources Association, Vol. 52, No. 12, pp. 963-973. https://doi.org/10.3741/JKWRA.2019.52.12.963
  70. Lee, J.-H., and Yeon, K.-S. (2008). "Flood inundation analysis using XP-SWMM model in urban area." Journal of The Korean Society of Hazard Mitigation, Vol. 08, No. 05, pp. 155-161.
  71. Lee, J.-H., Kang, S.-G., Yuk, G.-M., and Moon, Y.-I. (2019c). "Accuracy evaluation of 2D inundation analysis results of simplified SWMM according to sewer network scale." Journal of Korea Water Resources Association, Vol. 52, No. 8, pp. 531-543. https://doi.org/10.3741/JKWRA.2019.52.8.531
  72. Lee, J.-H., Kim, M.-S., Moon, Y.-G., and Moon, Y.-I. (2018a). "A study on simplification of SWMM for prime time of urban flood forecasting - A case study of Daerim basin -." Journal of Korea Water Resources Association, Vol. 51, No. 1, pp. 81-88. https://doi.org/10.3741/JKWRA.2018.51.1.81
  73. Lee, J.-J., Kwak, C.-J., and Lee, S.-H. (2019d). "Application of dual drainage system model for inundation analysis of complex watershed." Journal of Korea Water Resources Association, Vol. 52, No. 4, pp. 301-312. https://doi.org/10.3741/JKWRA.2019.52.4.301
  74. Lee, J.-M., Lee, S.-H., and Kang, T.-U. (2008). "Inundation analysis on the region of lower elevation of a new port by using SWMM5 and UNET model - Yongwon-dong, Jinhae-si." Journal of Korean Society on Water Environment, Vol. 24, No. 4, pp. 442-451.
  75. Lee, J.-S., and Lee, S.-E. (2018). "Development of urban flood risk maps for strengthening urban planning toward disaster prevention." Journal of the Korean Society of Civil Engineers, Vol. 38, No. 2, pp. 203-214. https://doi.org/10.12652/KSCE.2018.38.2.0203
  76. Lee, S.H., Kim, J.S., and Kim, S.J. (2021b). "Analysis of applicability of the detention in trunk sewer for reducing urban inundation." Ecology and Resilient Infrastructure, Vol. 8, No. 1, pp. 44-53. https://doi.org/10.17820/ERI.2021.8.1.44
  77. Lee, S.-S., Noh, S.J., Jang, C.-H., and Rhee, D.-S. (2017). "Simulation and analysis of urban inundation using the integrated 1D-2D urban flood model." Journal of Korea Water Resources Association, Vol. 50, No. 4, pp. 263-275. https://doi.org/10.3741/JKWRA.2017.50.4.263
  78. Lee, S.-S., Pakdimanivong, M., Jung, K.-S., and Kim, Y.-S. (2018b). "Study on the influence of sewer network simplification on urban inundation modelling results." Journal of Korea Water Resources Association, Vol. 51, No. 4, pp. 347-354. https://doi.org/10.3741/JKWRA.2018.51.4.347
  79. Lee, W., Kim, J.-S., and Yoon, S.-E. (2015). "Inundation analysis in urban area considering of head loss coefficients at surcharged manholes." Journal of Korea Water Resources Association, Vol. 48, No. 2, pp. 127-136. https://doi.org/10.3741/JKWRA.2015.48.2.127
  80. Mignot, E., Li, X., and Dewals, B. (2019). "Experimental modelling of urban flooding: A review." Journal of Hydrology, Vol. 568, pp. 334-342. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2018.11.001
  81. Nasello, C., and Tucciarelli, T. (2005). "Dual multilevel urban drainage model." Journal of Hydraulic Engineering, Vol. 131, No. 9, pp. 748-754. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9429(2005)131:9(748)
  82. Neal, J., Villanueva, I., Wright, N., Willis, T., Fewtrell, T., and Bates, P. (2012). "How much physical complexity is needed to model flood inundation?" Hydrological Processes, Vol. 26, No. 15, pp. 2264-2282. https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.8339
  83. Nkwunonwo, U.C., Whitworth, M., and Baily, B. (2020). "A review of the current status of flood modelling for urban flood risk management in the developing countries." Scientific African, Vol. 7, e00269. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sciaf.2020.e00269
  84. Noh, S.J., Lee, J.-H., Lee, S., and Seo, D.-J. (2019). "Retrospective dynamic inundation mapping of hurricane harvey flooding in the Houston Metropolitan area using high-resolution modeling and high-performance computing." Water, Vol. 11, No. 3, 597. https://doi.org/10.3390/w11030597
  85. Noh, S.J., Lee, J.-H., Lee, S., Kawaike, K., and Seo, D.-J. (2018). "Hyper-resolution 1D-2D urban flood modelling using LiDAR data and hybrid parallelization." Environmental Modelling & Software, Vol. 103, pp. 131-145. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envsoft.2018.02.008
  86. Park, M.-J., and Choi, S.-W. (2008). "Development of an inundation risk evaluation method based on a multi criteria decision making." Journal of Korea Water Resources Association, Vol. 41, No. 4, pp. 365-377. https://doi.org/10.3741/JKWRA.2008.41.4.365
  87. Park, Y., Jung, B., and Kim, R.-H. (2020). "Flood risk assessment for coastal cities considering sea level rise due to climate change." Journal of The Korean Society of Hazard Mitigation, Vol. 20, No. 6, pp. 323-332. https://doi.org/10.9798/KOSHAM.2020.20.6.323
  88. Piadeh, F., Behzadian, K., and Alani, A.M. (2022). "A critical review of real-time modelling of flood forecasting in urban drainage systems." Journal of Hydrology, Vol. 607, 127476. doi: 10.1016/j.jhydrol.2022.127476.
  89. Qi, W., Ma, C., Xu, H., Chen, Z., Zhao, K., and Han, H. (2021). "A review on applications of urban flood models in flood mitigation strategies." Natural Hazards, Vol. 108, No. 1, pp. 31-62. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11069-021-04715-8
  90. Ryu, H.-S., Kim, M.-M., Kim, Y.-S., and An, W.-S. (2010). "Distributed rainfall-runoff analysis of urban basin with GIS technique and Network Analysis." Journal of The Korean Society of Hazard Mitigation, Vol. 10, No. 5, pp. 143-148.
  91. Shin, S.-Y., Yeo, C.-G., Baek, C.-H., and Kim, Y.-J. (2005). "Mapping inundation areas by flash flood and developing rainfall standards for evacuation in urban settings." Journal of the Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies, Vol. 8, No. 4, pp. 71-80.
  92. Shon, T.-S., Kang, D.-H., Jang, J.-K., and Shin, H.-S. (2010). "A study of assessment for internal inundation vulnerability in urban area using SWMM." Journal of The Korean Society of Hazard Mitigation, Vol. 10, No. 4, pp. 105-117.
  93. Singh, V.P., and Frevert, D.K. (2010). Watershed models, CRC Press, FL, U.S.
  94. Son, A.-L., Bae, S.-H., Han, K.-Y., and Cho, W.-H. (2013). "Prospect of design rainfall in urban area considering climate change." Journal of Korea Water Resources Association, Vol. 46, No. 6, pp. 683-696. https://doi.org/10.3741/JKWRA.2013.46.6.683
  95. Son, A.-L., Kim, B.-H., and Han, K.-Y. (2015). "A study on prediction of inundation area considering road network in urban area." Journal of the Korean Society of Civil Engineers, Vol. 35, No. 2, pp. 307-318. https://doi.org/10.12652/KSCE.2015.35.2.0307
  96. Song, Y.-H., and Chung, E.-S. (2019). "Spatial prioritization of permeable pavement considering multiple general circulation models: Mokgamcheon watershed." Journal of Korea Water Resources Association, Vol. 52, No. 2, pp. 1011-1023. https://doi.org/10.3741/JKWRA.2019.52.12.1011
  97. Sun, D., Kang, T., and Lee, S. (2021). "Sensitivity analysis and coverage review of the parameters for inundation simulations of coastal areas using XP-SWMM." Journal of The Korean Society of Hazard Mitigation, Vol. 21, No. 5, pp. 59-68.
  98. Tak, Y.-H., Kim, J.-D., Kim, Y.-D., and Kang, B.-S. (2016b). "A study on urban inundation prediction using urban runoff model and flood inundation model." Journal of the Korean Society of Civil Engineers, Vol. 36, No. 3, pp. 395-406. https://doi.org/10.12652/KSCE.2016.36.3.0395
  99. Tak, Y.-H., Kim, Y.-D., Kang, B.-S., and Park, M.-H. (2016a). "Sewer overflow simulation evaluation of urban runoff model according to detailed terrain scale." Journal of Korea Water Resources Association, Vol. 49, No. 6, pp. 519-528. https://doi.org/10.3741/JKWRA.2016.49.6.519
  100. Tak, Y.-H., Kim, Y.-D., Kang, B.-S., and Park, M.-H. (2017). "Application of multi-dimensional flood damage analysis in urban are." Journal of Korea Water Resources Association, Vol. 50, No. 6, pp. 397-405. https://doi.org/10.3741/JKWRA.2017.50.6.397
  101. Tran, Q.-K., and Song, S. (2017). "Water level forecasting based on deep learning: A use case of trinity River-Texas-The United States." Journal of Korean Institute of Information Scientists and Engineers, Vol. 44, No. 6, pp. 607-612.
  102. Yoon, S.-S., and Bae, D.-H. (2010). "The applicability assesment of the short-term rainfall forecasting using translation model." Journal of Korea Water Resources Association, Vol. 43, No. 8, pp. 695-707. https://doi.org/10.3741/JKWRA.2010.43.8.695
  103. Yoon, S.-S., Bae, D.-H., and Choi, Y.-J. (2014). "Urban inundation forecasting using predicted radar rainfall: Case study." Journal of The Korean Society of Hazard Mitigation, Vol. 14, No. 3, pp. 117-126. https://doi.org/10.9798/KOSHAM.2014.14.3.117
  104. Yoon, S.-S., Choi, C.-G., and Bae, D.-H. (2008). "Connection of hydrologic and hydraulic models for flood forecasting in a large urban watershed." Journal of Korea Water Resources Association, Vol. 41, No. 9, pp. 929-941. https://doi.org/10.3741/JKWRA.2008.41.9.929