International Journal of Stem Cells

Korean Society for Stem Cell Research (한국줄기세포학회)
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Engineering Brain Organoids: Toward Mature Neural Circuitry with an Intact Cytoarchitecture

  • Hyunsoo Jang (Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST)) ;
  • Seo Hyun Kim (Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST)) ;
  • Youmin Koh (Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST)) ;
  • Ki-Jun Yoon (Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST))
  • Received : 2022.01.07
  • Accepted : 2022.01.19
  • Published : 2022.02.28
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Abstract

The emergence of brain organoids as a model system has been a tremendously exciting development in the field of neuroscience. Brain organoids are a gateway to exploring the intricacies of human-specific neurogenesis that have so far eluded the neuroscience community. Regardless, current culture methods have a long way to go in terms of accuracy and reproducibility. To perfectly mimic the human brain, we need to recapitulate the complex in vivo context of the human fetal brain and achieve mature neural circuitry with an intact cytoarchitecture. In this review, we explore the major challenges facing the current brain organoid systems, potential technical breakthroughs to advance brain organoid techniques up to levels similar to an in vivo human developing brain, and the future prospects of this technology.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

This work was supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) grants (2019R1C1C1006600 and 2020M3A9E4039670 to K.-J.Y.) funded by the Korean Ministry of Science, ICT, and Future Planning (MSIP), and the Young Investigator Grant from the Suh Kyungbae Foundation (to K.-J.Y.).

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