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대규모 고시원의 피난계단 폭의 변화에 따른 피난소요시간 분석

Analysis of Evacuation Time According to Variation of Evacuation Stairs' Width in Large-Scale Goshiwons

  • 오수철 (익산소방서 지휘조사) ;
  • 공하성 (우석대학교 소방방재학과)
  • 투고 : 2022.07.31
  • 심사 : 2022.09.08
  • 발행 : 2022.09.30

초록

이 연구는 숙박시설이 있는 특정소방대상물 수용인원의 산정 방법에 따라 피난가능시간을 기준으로 피난시뮬레이션을 실시하여 고시원 화재 발생 시 계단 폭의 변화에 따른 피난소요시간을 비교·분석하였다. 현재 숙박시설로 분류하는 고시원(바닥면적 합계 500m2 이상)은 소방시설법, 건축법, 주차장법이 정하는 맹점을 이용, 적은 면적의 대지 위에 고층으로 건축물을 신축하여, 적지 않은 양의 호실을 만들어 대다수의 고시원이 학생과 고시생을 위한 곳이 아닌 변형된 숙박시설의 형태로 변질되어가고 있다. 이는 건축주의 영업이익에 부합하므로 지속적인 증가 추세를 보일 것으로 예상된다. 고시원 피난 시간의 골든타임 확보는 우리 사회의 경제적 약자에 속하는 고시원 재실자의 최후의 보루로 본 연구가 사회적 안전망 구축을 위한 관계법령의 개정 논의에 시발점이 되길 바라며, 피난시뮬레이션 분석의 결과 피난훈련이 실행된 집단과 피난계단의 폭을 200cm로 확장한 경우에 피난소요시간이 가장 적게 나타났으며, 기존 건물의 계단 폭의 변화 없이 피난시뮬레이션을 실시한 피난소요시간이 648.4초와 시나리오 6을 비교하면 최대166.3초가 단축되는 결과를 보였다. 이와 같은 분석 결과를 통하여 고시원의 피난안전성 개선을 위해 피난계단의 폭을 다중이용업소의 안전관리에 관한 특별법의 안전시설 등 종류에 추가하여 관련 법령의 개정에 활용할 수 있는 근거를 마련했다는 점에서 의의가 있다.

This research compares and analyzes evacuation time depending on the change in stair width in case of fire at Goshiwons. For this, a simulation has been conducted based on possible evacuation time according to the calculation method for the number of people admittable to a specific target for fire fighting equipped with accommodation. Currently, Gosiwon, which is classified as an accommodation facility (a total floor area of 500 m2 or more), uses blind spots prescribed by the Fire Services Act, Building Act, and Parking Act to build a high-rise building on a small area of land, and most Gosiwon is transformed into a modified accommodation. This is in line with the owner's operating profit, so it is expected to show a continuous increase. Securing the golden time of Gosiwon evacuation time is the last bastion of Gosiwon residents who belong to the economically disadvantaged in our society, and we hope this study will serve as a starting point for discussions on revising related laws and regulations to establish a social safety net As a result of the evacuation simulation analysis, the evacuation time was the least when the width of the group and the evacuation stairs were expanded to 200cm, and the evacuation time of the existing building was reduced by up to 166.3 seconds by comparing 648.4 seconds and scenario 6. This analysis can be meaningful, in that the width of the evacuation stairs revision of related laws and regulations for the safety of multiplex available premises.

키워드

참고문헌

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