The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy

The Korean Society of Physical Therapy (대한물리치료학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Correlation among Functional Leg Length Discrepancy, Muscle Activity, Muscle Contraction Onset Time and Vertical Ground Reaction Force during Simple Lifting Task

  • Jin, Ha Young (Department of Physical Therapy, Graduate School, Kyungsung University) ;
  • Han, Jin Tae (Department of Physical Therapy and Institute for Rehabilitation Science, Kyungsung University)
  • Received : 2022.08.03
  • Accepted : 2022.08.29
  • Published : 2022.08.31
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

Purpose: Leg length discrepancy causes the posture deformation, gait asymmetry, and lower back pain. The purpose of this study is to investigate the correlation among functional leg length discrepancy (FLLD), muscle activity, muscle contraction onset time and vertical ground reaction force (vGRF) during simple lifting task. Methods: Thirty-nine subjects participated in this study. FLLD was measured from the umbilicus to medial malleolus of left and right leg using a tape. The subjects performed to lift a 10 kg box from the floor to chest. The muscle activity and muscle contraction onset time of rectus abdominis, erector spinae and rectus femoris was measured using EMG system and vGRF was measured by two force plate. Pearson correlation was used to fine out the correlation among FDDL, muscle activity, muscle contraction onset time and vGRF during simple lifting task. Results: Correlation between FLLD and difference of muscle activity of short-long side was very high (r>0.9) during simple lifting task. Correlation between FLLD and difference of muscle contraction onset time of short-long side was very high (r>0.9) during simple lifting task. And correlation between FLLD and difference of vGRF of short-long side was high (r>0.7) during simple lifting task. Conclusion: This study suggests that there is high correlation between FLLD and muscle activity, muscle contraction onset time, and ground reaction force during simple lifting task. Therefore, FLLD could negatively affect the postural balance.

Keywords

References

  1. Shin YJ, Joo HY, Yang JH et al. A study on IMU sensor suitable for musculoskeletal disorder monitoring. JKICS. 2020;2:824-5.
  2. McKenzie R, May S. The lumbar spine: mechanical diagnosis and therapy: vol.1. 2nd ed. Waikanae, Orthopedic Physical Therapy Products, 2003:13-700.
  3. Griffith LE, Shannon HS, Wells RP et al. Individual participant data meta-analysis of mechanical workplace risk factors and low back pain. Am J Public Health. 2012;102:309-18. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2011.300343
  4. Kim WH. Electromyographic analysis of muscle activity and fatigue of the paraspinal muscles during a repetitive lifting task. KRSPT. 2009;16(3):16-23.
  5. Jeong SY, Kang JW, Koo JW. The relationship between grip strength and ground reaction force by change of position when lifting tasks. J Ergon Soc Korea. 2009;28(3):41-7. https://doi.org/10.5143/JESK.2009.28.3.041
  6. Kingma I, van Dieen JH, de Looze M et al. Asymmetric low back loading in asymmetric lifting movements is not prevented by pelvic twist. J Biomech. 1998;31(6):527-34. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9290(98)00045-1
  7. McCarthy JJ, MacEwen GD. Management of leg length inequality. J South Orthop Assoc. 2001;10(2):73-85.
  8. Resende RA, Kirkwood RN, Deluzio KJ et al. Biomechanical strategies implemented to compensate for mild leg length discrepancy during gait. Gait Posture. 2016;46:147-53. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gaitpost.2016.03.012
  9. Maines JM, Reiser RF. Ground reaction force bilateral asymmetries during submaximal sagittal plane lifting from the floor. Int J Ind Ergon. 2006;36(2):109-17. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ergon.2005.08.004
  10. Raczkowski JW, Daniszewska B, Zolynski K. Functional scoliosis caused by leg length discrepancy. Arch Med Sci. 2010;6(3):393-8. https://doi.org/10.5114/aoms.2010.14262
  11. Gurney B, Mermier C, Robergs R et al. Effects of limb-length discrepancy on gait economy and lower-extremity muscle activity in older adults. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2001;83(6):907-15. https://doi.org/10.2106/00004623-200106000-00013
  12. Kim HR, Song YJ, Moon SG et al. The influence of electromyographic activation on gluteus medius and tensor fascia lata by functional leg length discrepancy in women's university students during lunge. J Korean Orthop Manu Phys Ther. 2013;19(2):39-43.
  13. Han JT. The effect of visual deprivation on trunk and lower extremity muscle activity on an unstable surface. PNF Mov. 2018;16(3):433-9.
  14. Lee PK, Yang BI. The effects of theratainmental squat exercise on ground reaction force in the patients with chronic hemiplegia. Journal of KOEN. 2018;12(1):297-307.
  15. Han JT. Effect of induced leg length discrepancy on the limitation of stability and static postural balance. PNF Mov. 2018;16(2):267-73.
  16. Moon GD, Lim JY, Kim TH et al. The effects of joint mobilization and stretching on the muscle activity and internal rotation of shoulder joint in patients with impingement syndrome with posterior shoulder tightness. Phys Ther Korea. 2020;27(1):38-44. https://doi.org/10.12674/ptk.2020.27.1.38
  17. Kim KW, Ahn SJ. The effects of gaze direction on the stability and coordination of the lower limb joint during drop-landing. Korean J Sport Biomech. 2021;31(2):126-32.
  18. 18. Kim MH, Lee JA, Jung DY et al. Effects of back-belt on electromyographic activities and angle of lower back and extremity during lifting. Korean J Occup Environ Med. 2005;259-66.
  19. Needham R, Chockalingam N, Dunning D et al. The effect of leg length discrepancy on pelvis and spine kinematics during gait. Stud Health Technol Inform. 2012;176:104-7.
  20. Gurney B. Leg length discrepancy. Gait Posture. 2002;15(2):195-206. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0966-6362(01)00148-5
  21. Marras WS, Sommerich CM. A three-dimensional motion model of loads on the lumbar spine: I. model structure. Human Factors. 1991;33(2);123-37. https://doi.org/10.1177/001872089103300201
  22. Swaminathan V, Cartwright-Terry M, Moorehead JD et al. The effect of leg length discrepancy upon load distribution in the static phase (standing). Gait Posture. 2014;40(4):561-3. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gaitpost.2014.06.020
  23. Zabri SWK Ali, Basaruddin KS, Salleh AF et al. Leg length inequality effects on ground and lower extremity joint reaction forces during walking. J Teleco Elec Comp Eng. 2018;10(1-16):141-5.
  24. Maines JM, Reiser RF. Ground reaction force bilateral asymmetries during submaximal sagittal plane lifting from the floor. Int J Ind Ergon. 2006;36(2):109-17. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ergon.2005.08.004