Animal Bioscience

Asian Australasian Association of Animal Production Societies (아세아태평양축산학회)
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State of the art on the physical mapping of the Y-chromosome in the Bovidae and comparison with other species - A review

  • Rossetti, Cristina (Laboratory of Animal Cytogenetics and Genomics, National Research Council (CNR), ISPAAM) ;
  • Genualdo, Viviana (Laboratory of Animal Cytogenetics and Genomics, National Research Council (CNR), ISPAAM) ;
  • Incarnato, Domenico (Laboratory of Animal Cytogenetics and Genomics, National Research Council (CNR), ISPAAM) ;
  • Mottola, Filomena (Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli") ;
  • Perucatti, Angela (Laboratory of Animal Cytogenetics and Genomics, National Research Council (CNR), ISPAAM) ;
  • Pauciullo, Alfredo (Department of Agricultural, Forest and Food Sciences, University of Turin)
  • Received : 2021.10.22
  • Accepted : 2022.02.01
  • Published : 2022.09.01
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Abstract

The next generation sequencing has significantly contributed to clarify the genome structure of many species of zootechnical interest. However, to date, some portions of the genome, especially those linked to a heterogametic nature such as the Y chromosome, are difficult to assemble and many gaps are still present. It is well known that the fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) is an excellent tool for identifying genes unequivocably mapped on chromosomes. Therefore, FISH can contribute to the localization of unplaced genome sequences, as well as to correct assembly errors generated by comparative bioinformatics. To this end, it is necessary to have starting points; therefore, in this study, we reviewed the physically mapped genes on the Y chromosome of cattle, buffalo, sheep, goats, pigs, horses and alpacas. A total of 208 loci were currently mapped by FISH. 89 were located in the male-specific region of the Y chromosome (MSY) and 119 were identified in the pseudoautosomal region (PAR). The loci reported in MSY and PAR were respectively: 18 and 25 in Bos taurus, 5 and 7 in Bubalus bubalis, 5 and 24 in Ovis aries, 5 and 19 in Capra hircus, 10 and 16 in Sus scrofa, 46 and 18 in Equus caballus. While in Vicugna pacos only 10 loci are reported in the PAR region. The correct knowledge and assembly of all genome sequences, including those of genes mapped on the Y chromosome, will help to elucidate their biological processes, as well as to discover and exploit potentially epistasis effects useful for selection breeding programs.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

The authors wish to thank Mr. Raffaele Pappalardo (CNRISPAAM) for the technical support.

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