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소형어선의 좌초사고 분석과 사고 저감을 위한 제언

Analysis of Grounding Accidents in Small Fishing Vessels and Suggestions to Reduce Them

  • 정대율 (한국해양대학교 기관시스템공학부)
  • Chong, Dae-Yul (Division of Marine System Engineering, Korea Maritime and Ocean University)
  • 투고 : 2022.05.13
  • 심사 : 2022.06.27
  • 발행 : 2022.06.30

초록

최근 5년간 발생한 해양사고를 분석한 결과, 소형선박은 전체 좌초사고의 77.0 %를 차지하고, 인명사상도 66.1%로서 매우 높았다. 목포지방해양안전심판원은 2021년 72건을 재결하였고, 이중 좌초사건은 10건이었다. 그리고 좌초사건 중 8건은 소형어선에서 발생하였다. 본 논문은 2021년 목포지방해양안전심판원에서 재결하였던 소형어선에서 발생한 8건의 좌초사고에 대해 분석하였다. 이 소형어선의 좌초사고는 맑은 날씨에 시정이 2~4마일로 양호하고, 파고 1미터 이내로 양호한 해상상태에서 발생한 것을 파악되었다. 그리고 좌초사고의 주요 원인은 피로에 따른 졸음 운항, 경계 소홀, 선위확인 소홀, GPS Plotter 과신, 해도도식 및 조석간만의 차에 대한 이해부족 등인 것으로 나타났다. 이에 소형어선의 좌초사고 저감을 위해 다음의 방안을 제시하였다. 첫째, 갑판부 항해당직 부원교육을 이수한 선원이 선장을 보좌하도록 하여야 한다. 둘째, 졸음 방지용 경보장치는 조타실에 설치하여야 한다. 셋째, GPS Plotter의 성능기준과 최신화를 위해 제도는 마련되어야 한다. 마지막으로, 소형어선 선장은 주기적으로 해도도식과 기초 지문항법을 숙지할 수 있도록 교육을 받아야 한다.

An analysis of marine accidents that occurred in the last five years, revealed that 77.0 % of all grounding accidents and 66.1% of all marine casualties involved small vessels, which was a very high level relatively. The Mokpo Regional Maritime Safety Tribunal (Mokpo-KMST) inquired on 72 cases of marine accidents in 2021, of which 10 cases were grounding accidents. Furthermore, eight cases of grounding accidents occurred in small fishing vessels. This study analyzed eight cases of grounding accidents on small fishing vessels that inquired in the jurisdictional area of Mokpo-KMST in 2021. I found out that this grounding occurred in clear weather with good visibility (2-4 miles) and good sea conditions with a wave height of less than 1 meter. Furthermore, I found that the main causes of grounding were drowsy navigation due to fatigue, neglect of vigilance, neglect of checking ship's position, overconfidence in GPS plotter, and lack of understanding of chart symbols and tidal differences. To reduce grounding accidents of small fishing vessels, I suggested the following measures. First, crew members who have completed the able seafarer training course on bridge watchkeeping should assist to the master. Second, alarm systems to prevent drowsiness should be installed in the bridge. Third, the regulation should be prepared for the performance standards and updating GPS plotter. Finally, the skipper of small vessels should be trained periodically to be familiar with chart symbols and basic terrestrial navigation.

키워드

참고문헌

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