DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Analysis of Pedestrian Environments in Geriatric Long-term Care Hospitals That Support Loitering Behavior From a Therapeutic Environmental Design Perspective

배회행위를 지원하는 치유를 위한 노인요양병원 보행환경 평가 및 개선안 연구

  • Chun, Soo-Kyung (Dept. of Interior Architecture, Hanyang University) ;
  • Kim, Soo-Ran (Dept. of Architecture and urban design, Hongik University)
  • 전수경 (한양대 실내건축디자인과) ;
  • 김수란 (홍익대 건축도시대학)
  • Received : 2021.10.25
  • Accepted : 2022.04.04
  • Published : 2022.05.30

Abstract

The physical conditions of pedestrian environments play a significant role in promoting health maintenance and encouraging daily walking activities. Previous studies of this generally focused on analyzing urban residential environments, dementia care units or general hospitals that support loitering behavior; however, the conditions of pedestrian environments in geriatric long-term care hospitals (GHs) should be considered differently from the aforementioned establishments. The purpose of this study is to evaluate pedestrian environments that support loitering behavior from a therapeutic environmental design perspective. A literature review and expert interviews with interior designers, caregivers and nurses were conducted to generate a checklist of pedestrian environment conditions in GHs; the checklist entailed five factors related to safety, accessibility, territory, nature and aesthetics and services along with twenty-two sub-factors incorporating the therapeutic environment perspective. Several design improvements were noted and in need of being reexamined and revamped to be more appropriate for elderly patients and their circumstances; current laws did not properly consider this safety factor. There were poor conditions in the outdoor pedestrian areas and the indoor pedestrian environments had numerous obstacles in place. Exhibiting a natural garden in the wards with natural light and open spaces are necessary to encourage elderly patients to want to walk, but these pedestrian-friendly conditions weren't readily available in all hospitals. For future purposes, the comprised checklist of pedestrian environment conditions in GHs could be used as evaluation criteria for certifying GHs and potentially a useful reference for policymakers to strengthen regulations in creating more suitable recovery conditions for elderly patients.

Keywords

References

  1. Algase, D. L., Moore, D. H., Vandeweerd, C., & Gavin-Dreschnack, D. J. (2007). Mapping the maze of terms and definitions in dementia-related wandering. Aging & mental health, 11(6), 686-698. https://doi.org/10.1080/13607860701366434
  2. Cohen-Mansfield, L., Werner, P., Marx, M. S., & Freedman. L., (1991). Two studies of pacing in the nursing home, Journal of Gerontology, 46(3), 77-83.
  3. Choi, G., & Kim, K. (2002). A study on the supportive design conditions for the hospital stress in Korea, Korea Institute of Healthcare Architecture, 8(1), 61-67.
  4. Choi, Y., & Choi, Y. (2015). A study on environment - related factors that affect wandering for people with dementia, Korea Institute of Healthcare Architecture, 21(3), 9-23. https://doi.org/10.15682/jkiha.2015.21.3.9
  5. Chun, S., & Nam, K. (2017) A study on the development of the healing environment evaluation criteria for elderly care hospital focusing on the elderly inpatient characteristics, Korea Institute of Interior Design, 26(4), 22-29. https://doi.org/10.14774/JKIID.2017.26.2.022
  6. Chun, S., & Nam, K. (2019). A study on the evaluation of healing environmental characteristics of multi-patient room in Geriatric long-term care public hospital, Korean Institute of Interior Design journal, 28(2), 3-11 https://doi.org/10.14774/JKIID.2019.28.2.003
  7. Devlin, A., & Arneill, A. (2003). Health care environments and patient outcomes, Environment and Behavior, 35, 665-694. https://doi.org/10.1177/0013916503255102
  8. Fan, X. (2013). Analysis and evaluate the design factor of the healing environment of the hospital external space-Focus on the University affiliated hospitals of medical university in Beijing, China, Ph.D. Dissertation, Kyungbuk University.
  9. Go, G., & Kim, I. (2020). Development of the healing environment design checklist for geriatric hospital bedrooms focusing on the patients' mental health, Korean Institute of Interior Design journal, 29(4), 57-68. https://doi.org/10.14774/JKIID.2020.29.4.057
  10. Huisman, E., Morales, E., van Hoof, J., & Kort, H. (2012). Healing environment: A review of the impact of physical environmental factors on users, Building and Environments, 58, 70-80. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.buildenv.2012.06.016
  11. Ji, H., & Yang, N. (2007). A study on the behavior of using the resting space in the wards of general hospitals in Korea, Korea Institute of Healthcare Architecture, 13(2), 7-18.
  12. Jung, H. (2013). Analysis on the satisfaction and behavior of the outdoor space in hospital, Ph.D. Dissertation, Sunchon University.
  13. Kang, Y. (2003). A Study on the Interior Design of the Patient-centered in the General Hospital as an Healing Environment, Ph.D. Dissertation, Hongik University.
  14. Kim, C., Kim, S., & Yang, N. (2007). An Architectural Study on the Patient's behavior of Public Space in Geriatrics Hospital: Focused on day-room and aisle of a hospital ward. Korea Institute of Healthcare Architecture, 14(4), 7-14.
  15. Kim, M., & Choi, M. (2020). A research on the therapeutic environmental design characteristics of corridor spaces in rehabilitation hospital wards, supporting patients' loitering behaviors, Proceeding of Annual Conference of the Architectural Institute of Korea, 40(2), 22-25
  16. Kim, M., & Lee, S. (2011). Analysis on wandering space design of elderly care facilities for the elderly with dementia, Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal, 20(6), 331-339.
  17. Kim, S. (2014). A Study on the Influence of the Preference Factors of Medical Services upon Utilization of Patients' Caregivers in Geriatric Hospitals, Ph.D. Dissertation, Wongkwang University.
  18. Kim, S., Lee, J., & Kang, K. (2003). A study on the architectural planning of geriatric hospitals: focused on analyzing the spatial organization and size of major areas, Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal, 36, 69-75
  19. Lee, E., Park, J., Lee, B., Kim, W., & Han, S. (2016). Reestablishment of the public roles of Gyeonggi-Do Long-term care hospitals, Gyeonggi Resesarch Institute, 11-15.
  20. Lee, H. (2012). Reliability analysis on the assessment indicators for senior walking environment, Korea Institute of Ecological Architecture and Environment Journal, 12 (2), 69-75.
  21. Lee, H., & Park, J. (2005). A study of the spatial composition and departmental area distribution in geriatric hospital, Korea Institute of Healthcare Architecture, 11(3), 19-30.
  22. Lee, J., Lim, J., & Jung, J. (2008). A study on planning conditions to improve openness assessment in atrium. Korea Institute of Ecological Architecture and Environment, 8(2), 41-46.
  23. Lee, T., & Yoon, S. (2001). A study on the special composition for ward in geriatric hospital, Korea Institute of Healthcare Architecture, 7(2), 59-70.
  24. Marquardt, G. (2011). Wayfinding for people with dementia: A review of the role of architectural design, Health Environments Research& Design Journal (HERD), 4(2), 75-90. https://doi.org/10.1177/193758671100400207
  25. Oh, C., Kim, S., & Kang, D. (2015). The age-friendly degree of neighborhood environment in aspects of the aged, Journal of the Korean Institute of Interior Design, 24(2), 207-226. https://doi.org/10.14774/JKIID.2015.24.1.207
  26. Park, J. (2018). A study on evaluation of physical safety factors for the Age-Friendly City, Journal of the Architectural Institute of Korea Planning & Design, 34(2), 117-128.
  27. Passini, R., Rainville, C., Marchand, N., & Joanette, Y. (1998). Wayfinding and dementia: some research findings and a new look at design, Journal of Architectural and Planning Research, 15(2), 133-151.
  28. Ryu, S. (2009). Study on Construction of Barrier-free Living Zone Considering the Aged Pedestrians, Thesis KonKuk university.
  29. Sahoo, D. & Ghosh, T. (2016). Healthscape role towards customer satisfaction in private healthcare, International Journal of Healthcare Quality, 29(6), 600-613.
  30. Sternberg, E. M. (2010). Healing spaces: The science of place and well-being. Belknap Press of Harvard University Press, 192.
  31. Ulrich, R. (1991). Effects of interior design on wellness: Theory and recent scientific research, Journal of health care interior design, Proceedings from the annual national symposium on Health Care Interior Design, 3, 97-109.
  32. Yoon, J., & Lim, C. (1993). A Space for Elderly: Introduction of the Concept of Universal Design, Kyungchun publication.
  33. WHO. (2015). Measuring the Age-Friendliness of Cities-A Guide to Using Core Indicators, Retrieved January 20, 2016 from https://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/handle/10665/203830/9789241509695_eng.pdf