Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology

The Korean Society for Microbiology and Biotechnology (한국미생물·생명공학회)
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Biotechnological Approaches for Biomass and Lipid Production Using Microalgae Chlorella and Its Future Perspectives

  • Sujeong Je (Division of Biotechnology, The Catholic University of Korea) ;
  • Yasuyo Yamaoka (Division of Biotechnology, The Catholic University of Korea)
  • Received : 2022.09.07
  • Accepted : 2022.10.17
  • Published : 2022.11.28
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Abstract

Heavy reliance on fossil fuels has been associated with increased climate disasters. As an alternative, microalgae have been proposed as an effective agent for biomass production. Several advantages of microalgae include faster growth, usage of non-arable land, recovery of nutrients from wastewater, efficient CO2 capture, and high amount of biomolecules that are valuable for humans. Microalgae Chlorella spp. are a large group of eukaryotic, photosynthetic, unicellular microorganisms with high adaptability to environmental variations. Over the past decades, Chlorella has been used for the large-scale production of biomass. In addition, Chlorella has been actively used in various food industries for improving human health because of its antioxidant, antidiabetic, and immunomodulatory functions. However, the major restrictions in microalgal biofuel technology are the cost-consuming cultivation, processing, and lipid extraction processes. Therefore, various trials have been performed to enhance the biomass productivity and the lipid contents of Chlorella cells. This study provides a comprehensive review of lipid enhancement strategies mainly published in the last five years and aimed at regulating carbon sources, nutrients, stresses, and expression of exogenous genes to improve biomass production and lipid synthesis.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

Y.Y. was supported by the NRF grant (2022R1C1C1008690 and 2022M3A9I3018121) funded by the Korean government (Ministry of Science and ICT) and the Catholic University of Korea, Research Fund, 2022. We thank Yuree Lee (School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Korea) for kindly providing the fluorescence microscope to capture C. vulgaris.

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