Journal of Ginseng Research

The Korean Society of Ginseng (고려인삼학회)
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Can Panax ginseng help control cytokine storm in COVID-19?

  • Choi, Jong Hee (Department of Convergence Medical Science, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University) ;
  • Lee, Young Hyun (Department of Convergence Medical Science, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University) ;
  • Kwon, Tae Woo (Department of Convergence Medical Science, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University) ;
  • Ko, Seong-Gyu (Korean Medicine-based Drug Repositioning Cancer Research Center, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University) ;
  • Nah, Seung-Yeol (Ginsentology Research Laboratory and Department of Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Bio/Molecular Informatics Center, Konkuk University) ;
  • Cho, Ik-Hyun (Department of Convergence Medical Science, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University)
  • Received : 2022.02.03
  • Accepted : 2022.02.22
  • Published : 2022.05.01
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Abstract

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is currently a pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). COVID-19 are directly associated with hyper-activation of innate immune response that excessively produce pro-inflammatory cytokines and induce cytokine storm, leading to multi-organ-failure and significant morbidity/mortality. Currently, several antiviral drugs such as Paxlovid (nirmatrelvir and ritonavir) and molnupiravir are authorized to treat mild to moderate COVID-19, however, there are still no drugs that can specifically fight against challenges of SARS-CoV-2 variants. Panax ginseng, a medicinal plant widely used for treating various conditions, might be appropriate for this need due to its anti-inflammatory/cytokine/viral activities, fewer side effects, and cost efficiency. To review Panax ginseng and its pharmacologically active-ingredients as potential phytopharmaceuticals for treating cytokine storm of COVID-19, articles that reporting its positive effects on the cytokine production were searched from academic databases. Experimental/clinical evidences for the effectiveness of Panax ginseng and its active-ingredients in preventing or mitigating cytokine storm, especially for the cascade of cytokine storm, suggest that they might be beneficial as an adjunct treatment for cytokine storm of COVID-19. This review may provide a new approach to discover specific medications using Panax ginseng to control cytokine storm of COVID-19.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

This research was supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) grant funded by the Ministry of Science and ICT (NRF-2021R1H1A2010055 and NRF-2020R1A5A2019413).

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