DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Persistence Study of Thiamethoxam and Its Metabolite in Kiwifruit for Establishment of Import Tolerance

  • Il Kyu Cho (Hyunnong Co. Ltd) ;
  • Gyeong Hwan Lee (Hyunnong Co. Ltd) ;
  • Woo Young Cho (Hyunnong Co. Ltd) ;
  • Yun-Su Jeong (Eco-Friendly Agri-Bio Research Center, Jeonnam Bioindustry Foundation) ;
  • Danbi Kim (Department of Agro-Food Safety and Crop Protection, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences) ;
  • Kil Yong Kim (Department of Agriculture and Biological Chemistry, Chonnam National University) ;
  • Gi-Woo Hyoung (Dong Yang Chemical Co., Ltd, D.Y. Environment-Technology. R/Institute) ;
  • Chul Hong Kim (Hyunnong Co. Ltd)
  • Received : 2022.12.17
  • Accepted : 2022.12.23
  • Published : 2022.12.31

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Pre-harvest interval and decline pattern of thiamethoxam were determined in kiwifruit using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LCMS/MS). The study was carried out to propose import tolerance using OECD maximum residue limit (MRL) calculator for the export promotion of kiwifruit to Taiwan. METHODS AND RESULTS: The thiamethoxam residue in kiwifruit was determined by using the LC-TriQ-MS/MS with the analytical process to set up the import tolerance under greenhouse conditions for Taiwan. Excellent linearity was observed for all of the analytes with a determination coefficient (R2)≥0.99. The limit of quantification was determined to be 0.01 mg/kg for both thiamethoxam and clothianidin in kiwifruit. Linearity was determined from the co-efficient of determinants (R2) obtained from the seven-point calibration curve. The standard calibration curve showed as follows; 1) Site 1 (Gimje): y = 944,406X + 1,583 (R2=0.9995), 2) Site 2 (Goheung): y = 1,356,205X + 934 (R2=0.9983), and 3) Site 3 (Jangheung): y = 1,239,937X - 3,090 (R2=0.9908). The residue of thiamethoxam in the kiwifruit for three decline trials showed the range of 0.35 to 0.56 mg/kg in site 1 (Gimje), 0.24 to 0.55 mg/kg in site 2 (Goheung), and 0.28 to 0.42 mg/kg in site 3 (Jangheung), respectively. However, clothianidin was not detected in all of the treatments. The maximum residual amounts (decline) in the samples, sprayed according to the safe-use standard for thiamethoxam 10% WG in kiwifruit (30 days before harvest, 3 sprays every 7 days) were 0.56 mg/kg in site 1, 0.55 mg/kg in site 2, and 0.42 mg/kg in site 3, respectively. CONCLUSION(S): The import tolerance (IT) of thiamethoxam for kiwifruit may be proposed to be 0.9 mg/kg by using the OECD MRL calculator.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

This work was supported by the Research Program for Agricultural Science & Technology Development (Project No. PJ01364103), Republic of Korea in 2022.

References

  1. Ugolini L, Righetti L, Carbone K, Paris R, Malaguti L, Di Francesco A, Micheli L, Paliotta M, Mari M et al. (2017) Postharvest application of brassica meal-derived allyl-isothiocyanate to kiwifruit: effect on fruit quality, nutraceutical parameters and physiological response. Journal of Food Science and Technology, 54(3), 751-760. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13197-017-2515-x.
  2. Morales MG, Denno BD, Miller DR, Miller GL, Ben-Dov Y, Hardy NB (2016) ScaleNet: A literature-based model of scale insect biology and systematics. Database, bav118. https://doi.org/10.1093/database/bav118.
  3. Amelin VG, Lavrukhin DK, Tretjakov AM, Efremova AA (2012) Determination of polar pesticides in water, vegetables, and fruits by high performance liquid chromatography. Moscow University Chemistry Bulletin, 67(6), 275-282. https://doi.org/10.3103/S0027131412060028.
  4. Badulescu D, Baylis KR (2006) Pesticide regulation under NAFTA: Harmonization in Process?. Research Agricultural & Applied Economics, 1-29. https://doi.org/10.22004/ag.econ.24163.
  5. Kovacova P, Hudackova N (2009) Late Badenian foraminifers from the Vienna Basin (Central Paratethys): stable isotope study and paleoecological implications. Geologica Carpathica, 60(1), 59-70. https://doi.org/10.2478/v10096-009-0006-3.
  6. Lazic S, Sunjka DB, Begovic R, Vukovic SM (2015) Dissipation and persistence of thiacloprid in pepper fruits. Pesticides and Phytomedicine, 30(4), 225-232. https://doi.org/10.2298/PIF1504225L.
  7. Sahoo SK, Mandal K, Kaur R, Battu RS, Singh B (2013) Persistence of thiacloprid residues on brinjal (Solanum melongena L.). Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 185(9), 7935-7943. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-013-3145-z.
  8. Chen M, Tao L, McLean J, Lu C (2014) Quantitative analysis of neonicotinoid insecticide residues in foods: implication for dietary exposures. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 62(26), 6082-6090. https://doi.org/10.1021/jf501397m.
  9. Suganthi A, Bhuvaneswari K (2018) Method validation and application of liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry/mass spectrometry for determination of neonicotinoid pesticide residues in tomato. Journal of Chromatography Separation Techniques, 9, 2.
  10. Yu YL, Wu JL, Stahler M, Pestemer W (2007) Residual dynamics of thiacloprid in medical herbs marjoram, thyme, and camomile in soil. Journal of Environmental Sciences, 19(2), 205-209. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1001-0742(07)60033-3.
  11. Banno A, Yabuki Y (2020) Simultaneous analysis of seven neonicotinoid pesticides in agricultural products involving solid-phase extraction and surrogate compensation using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Journal of Pest Science, 45, 29-38. https://doi.org/10.1584/jpestics.D19-055.
  12. Banerjee S, Mazumdar S (2012) Electrospray ionization mass spectrometry: a technique to access the information beyond the molecular weight of the analyte. International Journal of Analytical Chemistry, 2012. 282574. https://doi.org/10.1155/2012/282574.
  13. Malhat F, Abdallah O (2019) Residue distribution and risk assessment of two macrocyclic lactone insecticides in green onion using micro-liquid-liquid extraction (MLLE) technique coupled with liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 191(9), 1-10. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-019-7752-1.
  14. Helena BC, Bolta SV, Ana G (2009) Pesticide residues in agricultural products of the slovene origin found in 2007. Acta Chimica Slovenica, 56, 484-493.
  15. Mezcua M, Malato O, Garcia-Reyes JF, Molina-Diaz A, Fernandez-Alba AR (2009) Accurate-mass databases for comprehensive screening of pesticide residues in food by fast liquid chromatography time-of-flight mass spectrometry. Analytical Chemistry, 81(3), 913-929. https://doi.org/10.1021/ac801411t.
  16. Chen L, Li F, Jia C, Yu P, Zhao EZ, He M, Jing J (2021) Determination of thiamethoxam and its metabolite clothianidin residue and dissipation in cowpea by QuEChERS combining with ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 28(7), 8844-8852. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-020-11164-6.
  17. Arias-Estevez M, Lopez-Periago E, Martinez-Carballo E, Simal-Gandara J, Mejuto JC, Garcia-Rio L (2008) The mobility and degradation of pesticides in soils and the pollution of groundwater resources. Agriculture Ecosystems & Environment, 123(4), 247-260. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2007.07.011.
  18. Yang SH, Lee JI, Choi H (2020) Dissipation characteristics of mandipropamid and thiamethoxam for establishment of pre-harvest residue limits in lettuce. Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry, 63(3), 267-274. https://doi.org/10.3839/jabc.2020.036.
  19. Follett PA, Jamieson L, Hamilton L, Wall M (2019) New associations and host status: Infestability of kiwifruit by the fruit fly species Bactrocera dorsalis, Zeugodacus cucurbitae, and Ceratitis capitata (Diptera: Tephritidae). Crop Protection, 115, 113-121. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cropro.2018.09.007.