DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Combinatorial effects of arginine and n-hexane extract from Korean red ginseng marc against Streptococcus mutans

Streptococcus mutans에 대한 홍삼박 n-hexane 추출물과 Arginine의 병용 효과

  • Dong Chung, Kim (Department of Chemical Engineering, Chungwoon University) ;
  • Man-Jin, In (Department of Chemical Engineering, Chungwoon University)
  • Received : 2022.10.19
  • Accepted : 2022.11.14
  • Published : 2022.12.31

Abstract

In this study, the effect of the combined use of a lipid-soluble n-hexane extract of red ginseng marc (HERGM) and water-soluble arginine, which exhibits anticaries activity, on the growth of Streptococccus mutans was investigated. As a result of checkerboard assay, HERGM and arginine showed a synergistic effect in inhibiting the growth of S. mutans with a fractional inhibitory concentration index of 0.396. Combination treatments of HERGM and arginine resulted in leakage of nucleic acid components and decrease in the viable cell counts of S. mutans, all of which were proportional to the concentration of HERGM. In conclusion, the synergistic effect of HERGM and arginine on the growth inhibition of S. mutans is mainly attributed to HERGM.

본 연구에서는 항충치 활성을 보이는 지용성의 홍삼박 n-hexane 추출물과 수용성의 arginine의 병용이 S. mutans의 생육에 미치는 영향을 조사하였다. Checkerboard assay로 분석한 결과, 홍삼박 n-hexane 추출물과 arginine은 fractional inhibitory concentration index 0.396으로 S. mutans의 생육 저해에 시너지 효과를 나타내었다. 홍삼박 n-hexane 추출물과 arginine의 병용은 핵산 성분의 유출과 생균수의 감소를 초래하였으며, 이는 모두 홍삼박 n-hexane 추출물의 농도에 비례하였다. 결론적으로 S. mutans의 생육 저해에 대한 홍삼박 n-hexane 추출물과 arginine의 시너지 효과는 주로 홍삼박 n-hexane 추출물이 기여하는 것으로 판단된다.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

본 연구는 2022년 청운대학교 학술연구조성비의 지원으로 수행 되었습니다.

References

  1. Lee HJ, Jang HD, Lee KW, Lee HJ, Kang NJ, Kim SY, Yang H (2019) Functional food. Soohaksa, Seoul
  2. Loesche WJ (1986) Role of Streptococcus mutans in human dental decay. Microbiol Rev 50: 353-380 https://doi.org/10.1128/mr.50.4.353-380.1986
  3. Rabin N, Zheng Y, Opoku-Temeng, C, Du Y, Bonsu E, Sintim HO (2015) Biofilm formation mechanism and targets for developing antibiofilm agents. Future Med Chem 7: 493-512. doi: 10.4155/fmc.15.6
  4. Bowen WH, Koo H (2011) Biology of Streptococcus mutans-derived glucosyltransferase: Role in extracellular matrix formation of cariogenic biofilms. Caries Res 45: 69-86. doi: 10.1159/000324598
  5. Moon KH, Lee YC, Kim JN (2019) Effects of foreign plant extracts on cell growth and biofilm formation of Streptococcus mutans. J Life Sci 29: 712-723. doi: 10.5352/JLS.2019.29.6.712
  6. Cho SJ (2021) New approaches to the control of pathogenic oral bacteria. J Life Sci 31: 100-108. doi: 10.5352/JLS.2021.31.1.100
  7. Burne RA, Marquis RE (2000) Alkali production by oral bacteria and protection against dental caries. FEMS Mirobiol Lett 193: 1-6. doi: 10.1111/j.1574-6968.2000.tb09393.x
  8. Burne RA, Chakraborty B (2017) Effects of arginine on Streptococcus mutans growth, virulence gene expression, and stress tolerance. Appl Environ Microbiol 83: e00496-17. doi: 10.1128/AEM.00496-17
  9. He J, Hwang G, Liu Y, Gao L, Kilpatrick-Liverman L, Santarpia P, Zhou X, Koo H (2016) L-Arginine modified the exopolysaccharide matrix and thwarts Streptococcus mutans outgrowth within mixed-species oral biofilm. J Bacteriol 198: 2651-2661. doi: 10.1128/JB.00021-16
  10. Huang X, Zhang K, Deng M, Exterkate RAM, Liu C, Zhou X, Cheng L, Ten Cate JM (2017) Effect of arginine on the growth and biofilm formation of oral bacteria. Arch Oral Biol 82: 256-262. doi: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2017.06.026
  11. Liu Y, Liu S, Zhi Q, Zhuang P, Zhang R, Zhang Z, Zhang K, Sun Y (2022) Arginine-induced metabolomics perturbation in Streptococcus mutans. J Oral Microbiol 14: 2015166. doi: 10.1080/20002297/2021.2015166
  12. Zheng X, Cheng X, Wang L, Qiu W, Wang S, Zhou Y, Li M, Li Y, Cheng L, Li J, Zhou X, Xu X (2015) Combinatorial effects of arginine and fluoride on oral bacteria. J Dent Res 94: 344-353. doi: 10.1177/0022034514561259
  13. Bijle MNA, Ekambaram M, Lo ECM, Yiu CKY (2019) The combined antimicrobial effect of arginine and fluoride toothpaste. Sci Rep 9: 8405. doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-44612-6
  14. Attele AS, Wu JA, Yuan CS (1999) Ginseng pharmacology: Multiple constituents and multiple actions. Biochem Pharmacol 58: 1685-1693. doi: 10.1016/S0006-2952(99)00212-9
  15. Son HJ, Han MS, Ryu GH (2009) Antibacterial activities of Et-OH extract from extruded white ginseng on tooth decay bacteria. J Korean Soc Food Sci Nutr 38: 951-957. doi: 10.3746/jkfn.2009.38.7.951
  16. Kim DC, In MJ (2021) Inhibitory effect of n-hexane extract from Korean red ginseng marc against Streptococcus mutans causing dental caries. J Appl Biol Chem 64: 357-362. doi: 10.3839/jabc.2021.048
  17. Sopirala MM, Mangino JE, Gebreyes WA, Biller B, Bannerman T, Balada-Llasat JM, Pancholi P (2010) Synergy testing by etest, microdilution checkerboard, and time-kill methods for pan-drug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 54: 4678-4683. doi: 10.1128/AAC.00497-10
  18. Xue P, Yao Y, Yang XS, Feng J, Ren GX (2017) Improved antimicrobial effect of ginseng extract by heat transformation. J Ginseng Res 41: 180-187. doi: 10.1016/j.jgr.2016.03.002
  19. Toda A, Nakayama-Imaohji H, Yamasaki H, Hasibul K, Yoneda S, Uchida K, Nariya H, Suzuki M, Miyake M, Kuwahara T (2016) Cleaning effect of acidic L-arginine on human oral biofilm. BMC Oral Health 16: 40. doi: 10.1186/s12903-016-0194-z
  20. In MJ, Chae HJ, Kim DC (2014) In vitro antioxidant and anticancer potential of n-hexane extract from ginseng marc. J Appl Biol Chem 57: 247-250. doi: 10.3839/jabc.2014.039
  21. Nascimento MM, Alvarez AJ, Huang X, Browngardt C, Jenkins R, Sinhoreti MC, Ribeiro APD, Dilbone DA, Richards VP, Garrett TJ, Burne RA (2019) Metabolic profile of supragingival plaque exposed to arginine and fluoride. J Dent Res 98: 1245-1252. doi: 10.1177/0022034519869906
  22. Bijle MN, Neelakantan P, Ekambaram M, Lo ECM, Yiu CKY (2020) effect of a novel symbiotic on Streptococcus mutans. Sci Rep 10: 7951. doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-64956-8
  23. Kim HS, Lee SW, Sydara K, Cho SJ (2019) Antibacterial and antibiofilm activities of Diospyros malabarica stem extract against Streptococcus mutans. J Life Sci 29: 90-96. doi: 10.5352/JLS.2019.29.1.90
  24. Xue P, Yao Y, Yang XS, Feng J, Ren GX (2017) Improved antimicrobial effect of ginseng extract by heat transformation. J Ginseng Res 41: 180-187. doi: 10.1016/jgr.2016.03.002
  25. Li CM, Yu JP (2014) Chemical composition, antimicrobial activity and mechanism of action of essential oil from the leaves of Macleaya cordata (Willd.) R. Br. J Food Safety 35: 227-236. doi: 10.1111/jfs.12175
  26. Cha SM, Han SB, Lee YS, Cha JD (2015) Synergistic effect of the ethanol extract of Alismatis rhizome against oral pathogens. J Oral Biol 2: 7. doi: 10.13188/2377-987x.1000007
  27. Lee DS, Song HG (2020) Interactions between antimicrobial substances from bacteria against various microorganisms. Korean J Microbiol 56: 214-221. doi: 10. 7845/kjm.2020.0063 https://doi.org/10.7845/kjm.2020.0063