Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology

The Korean Society for Microbiology and Biotechnology (한국미생물·생명공학회)
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Effects of a Powder Formulation of Streptomyces cameroonensis on Growth and Resistance of Two Cocoa Hybrids from Cameroon against Phytophthora megakarya (Causal Agent of Black Pod Disease)

  • Aristide, Dzelamonyuy (Laboratory of Phytoprotection and Plant Valorization, Biotechnology Center, University of Yaounde) ;
  • Martial, Tene Tayo Paul (Laboratory of Phytoprotection and Plant Valorization, Biotechnology Center, University of Yaounde) ;
  • Ruth, Ngotcho Ngassam Esther (Laboratory of Phytoprotection and Plant Valorization, Biotechnology Center, University of Yaounde) ;
  • Grace, Lele Brenda (Laboratory of Phytoprotection and Plant Valorization, Biotechnology Center, University of Yaounde) ;
  • Ebenezer, Foka Tatiekam (Laboratory of Phytoprotection and Plant Valorization, Biotechnology Center, University of Yaounde) ;
  • Flore, Magni Pacha Tatiana (Laboratory of Phytoprotection and Plant Valorization, Biotechnology Center, University of Yaounde) ;
  • Thaddee, Boudjeko (Laboratory of Phytoprotection and Plant Valorization, Biotechnology Center, University of Yaounde)
  • Received : 2021.10.06
  • Accepted : 2021.12.20
  • Published : 2022.02.28
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Abstract

In the present study we evaluated the efficacy of a bioformulation of Streptomyces cameroonensis for control of black pod disease in cocoa and enhancement of seedling growth. The formulation developed using talc powder and cassava starch as carriers showed high shelf-life of 1.07 × 106 CFU/g after six months storage at 4℃. The formulation was tested for inhibition of spore germination in Phytophthora megakarya and showed 100% inhibition at 10% (w/v) of formulation. To determine the efficacy of the formulation, we performed an in planta assay in the greenhouse on two hybrids of cocoa seedlings, the tolerant SNK413 × (♂) T79/467 and the susceptible UPA 134× (♂) SCA 12. Detached leaf assay showed a significant reduction in the disease severity index of about 67% for the tolerant hybrid and 55% for the susceptible hybrid compared to non-treated plants. A significant enhancement in stem length, leaf surface area and root weight was observed. Analysis of biochemical markers of defense showed a significant increase in total polyphenol, flavonoid, and total protein contents. There was also significant upregulation of PR-proteins such as chitinases, peroxidases and β-1, 3-glucanases following treatment of both tolerant and susceptible hybrids, though with a higher level of synthesis in the tolerant hybrids. A significant increase was also observed in polyphenol oxidase activities in plants treated with the formulation. This work demonstrated the stability and effectiveness of the S. cameroonensis powder formulation in suppressing black pod disease in cocoa and subsequently enhancing the growth of seedlings.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

The authors acknowledge the institutional and material support from the Biotechnology Centre of the University of Yaounde 1.

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