Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education (한국과학교육학회지)

The Korean Association for Science Education (한국과학교육학회)
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An Analysis of Pre-service Science Teachers' Reflection of Questions During Science Instruction in Teaching Practicum

예비과학교사의 교육실습 과학수업에서의 발문에 대한 반성 분석

  • Received : 2021.11.02
  • Accepted : 2022.01.20
  • Published : 2022.02.28
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Abstract

In this study, we investigated pre-service teachers' reflection of questions during science instruction in teaching practicum from the perspective of productive reflection. The productive reflection used in this analysis has four aspects of learners and learning, subject matter knowledge, instruction, and assessment. Five pre-service teachers participated in this study. They reflected on their questions with one class video by using think-aloud method. Semi-constructed interviews were also conducted. The analyses of the results reveal that the aspect of 'instruction' and the 'learners and learning' were frequently included in their reflections. 'subject matter knowledge' was often included in their reflection while 'assessment' was hardly included. The integrations of the two aspects appear most often, those of three aspects appear only sometimes. However, four aspects appear very rarely. The integrations of 'learners and learning' and 'instruction' with the other aspects were most frequent, and the integrations of 'content knowledge' with the other aspects were often. However, the integration of 'assessment' was very few. There were more productive reflections from pre-service teachers who reflect on several questions in context than who reflected on questions one by one. In addition, they exhibited some difficulties in suggesting alternatives to improve their questions. They tried to modify the teaching method related to the questions rather than revise the form of questions. Based on the results, practical implications to improve expertise related to the questions of pre-service teachers were discussed.

이 연구에서는 교육실습에서 예비과학교사의 과학수업 중 발문에 대한 반성의 특징을 생산적 반성 관점에서 분석하였다. 분석에서 사용된 생산적 반성은 '학습자와 학습', '지도', '내용 지식', '평가' 네가지 측면을 가지고 있다. 서울특별시에 소재한 사범대학 화학교육과에 재학 중이고, 교육실습에 참여하는 예비과학교사 5명이 연구에 참여하였다. 예비과학교사는 교육실습에서 진행한 자신의 1차시 과학수업 동영상을 보면서 발성 사고법을 통해 자신의 수업 중 발문에 대해 반성하였다. 발성 사고 후 반구조화된 면담도 시행하였다. 연구결과, 예비과학교사들은 수업의 여러 측면 중 '지도' 측면과 '학습자와 학습' 측면을 비교적 많이 고려하였고 뒤이어 '내용 지식'을 많이 고려하였으나 '평가'는 상대적으로 적게 고려하였다. 통합 수준으로는 2가지 측면의 통합이 주로 나타났고, 3가지 측면의 통합이 일부 나타났다. 그러나 4가지 측면의 통합은 매우 드물게 나타났다. 주로 '학습자와 학습' 및 '지도' 측면과 다른 측면이 통합이 나타났고, '내용 지식'과 다른 측면의 통합도 비교적 많았으나, '평가' 측면과 다른 측면의 통합은 매우 적게 나타났다. 통합적 반성은 발문을 하나씩 반성한 예비과학교사보다 여러 개의 발문을 묶어 반성한 예비과학교사에게서 더 많이 나타났다. 또한, 예비과학교사는 자신의 발문을 개선하는 대안을 제시하는 데 어려움을 보였으며, 발문의 형태를 개선하기보다는 발문과 관련된 수업 운영 방식을 수정하는 방향으로 수업을 개선하려는 모습을 보였다. 이를 바탕으로 예비과학교사의 발문 관련 전문성 향상 방안에 대한 실제적인 시사점에 대해 논하였다.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

이 연구는 서울대학교 미래기초학문분야 기반조성사업으로 지원되는 연구비에 의하여 수행되었음.

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