DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Analysis of Korean Citizens' Preparedness for Earthquake Hazards

지진 재해에 대한 시민들의 준비도 분석

  • Lee, Kiyoung (Division of Science Education, Kangwon National University) ;
  • Ha, Minsu (Division of Science Education, Kangwon National University) ;
  • Han, Ju (Department of Home Economics Education, Kangwon National University) ;
  • Lee, Changwook (Division of Science Education, Kangwon National University)
  • 이기영 (강원대학교 과학교육학부) ;
  • 하민수 (강원대학교 과학교육학부) ;
  • 한주 (강원대학교 가정교육과) ;
  • 이창욱 (강원대학교 과학교육학부)
  • Received : 2022.01.18
  • Accepted : 2022.02.03
  • Published : 2022.02.28

Abstract

In this study, we analyzed the preparedness of Korean citizens for earthquake hazards. For this purpose, we developed a questionnaire on the preparedness of citizens for earthquake hazards, consisting of three constructs (knowledge, awareness, and management). A total of 1,256 citizen responses were collected through probability proportionate-to-size sampling and then subjected to Rasch analysis, inferential statistical analysis, and cluster analysis. The findings are as follows. First, questionnaire analysis showed that overall, the earthquake preparedness of citizens was 'normal', with a lower management score than knowledge and awareness scores. Second, analysis of variables related to preparedness for earthquake hazards, gender, education level, actual distance, and safety awareness were found to influence preparedness for earthquake hazards. Third, correlation analysis revealed a high correlation between the three constructs of preparedness for earthquake hazards, namely knowledge, awareness, and management, indicating a structurally close relationship with each other. In addition, even if gender and education level differed, these structural correlations were similar. Through cluster analysis, the citizens were further divided into five groups; the group with moderate levels of the three constructs accounted for the majority of citizens. Considering these findings, we propose an educational orientation that fosters the preparedness of citizens for earthquake hazards.

이 연구에서는 한국 시민들의 지진 재해 준비도를 알아보기 위해 지진에 대한 지식, 인지, 대처의 3개 구인으로 구성된 설문 문항을 개발하고 비례 층화 표본 추출 방법으로 수집된 1,256명 시민의 응답을 라쉬분석, 추리통계, 군집 분석 기법을 이용하여 분석하였다. 연구 결과는 다음과 같다: 첫째, 시민들의 지진 재해 준비도 분석 결과, 전체적으로 시민들의 지진 재해 준비도는 '보통' 수준이었으며, 지식과 인지에 비해 대처가 상대적으로 낮은 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 지진 재해 준비도와 관련된 변인 분석 결과, 지진 재해 준비도에 영향을 주는 변인으로는 성별, 교육 수준, 실제 거리, 안전 인식이 있었다. 셋째, 지진 재해 준비도의 3개 구인 간 상관관계를 분석한 결과, 지식, 인지, 대처 세 가지 구인은 높은 상관을 나타내 구조적으로 서로 밀접한 관계를 보였다. 또한, 성별과 교육 수준이 달라도 이러한 구조적 상관은 비슷하게 나타났다. 군집 분석 결과, 5개 유형의 집단으로 구분되었으며 지진 재해 준비도 3개 구인의 수준이 중간 정도로 서로 비슷한 집단 유형이 대부분을 차지하였다. 이 연구 결과를 토대로 시민들의 지진 재해 준비도 함양을 위한 교육의 지향점을 제안하였다.

Keywords

References

  1. Antronico, L., Coscarelli, R., De Pascale, F., & Condino, F., 2019, Social perception of geo-hydrological risk in the context of urban disaster risk reduction: A comparison between experts and population in an area of southern Italy. Sustainability, 11, 2061; doi:10.3390/su11072061.
  2. Bond, T. G. & Fox, C. M., 2001, Applying the Rasch model: Fundamental measurement in the human sciences (Mahwah, NJ, Lawrence Erlbaum Associates).
  3. Boone, W. J., Staver, J. R., & Yale, M. S., 2014, Rasch Analysis in the Human Sciences. Dordrecht Springer.
  4. Chan E., Yue J, Lee P., & Wang S., 2016, Socio-demographic Predictors for Urban Community Disaster Health Risk Perception and Household Based Preparedness in a Chinese Urban City. PLOS Currents Disasters. Edition 1. doi:10.1371/currents.dis.287fb7fee6f9f4521af441a236c2d519.
  5. Dowling, C., & Santi, P., 2104, Debris flows and their toll on human life: A global analysis of debris-flow fatalities from 1950 to 2011. Natural Hazards, 71, 203-227. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11069-013-0907-4
  6. Han, J., Nur, A.S., Syifa, M., Ha, M., Lee, C.-W., & Lee, K.-Y., 2021, Improvement of Earthquake Risk Awareness and Seismic Literacy of Korean Citizens through Earthquake Vulnerability Map from the 2017 Pohang Earthquake, South Korea. Remote Sens, 13, 1365. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13071365
  7. Heo, S., & Chang, B., 2010, A sample survey design for service satisfaction evaluation of regional education offices. Journal of the Korean Dta & Information Science Society, 21(4), 669-679. (in Korean).
  8. Keller, E., & Boldgett, R., 2008, Natural Hazards: Earth's Processes as Hazards, Disasters, and Catastrophes. Pearson/Prentice Hall.
  9. Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral Resources (KIGAM), 2021, Earthquake. Geology, Resourses, & Human, 182. (in Korean).
  10. Liang, W., Chen, K, Wu, Y, & Chang, C., 2016, Earthquake School in the Cloud: Citizen Seismologists in Taiwan, Seismological Research Letters, 87(1), 1-9. https://doi.org/10.1785/0220150277
  11. McLennan, J., Marques, M. D., & Every, D., 2020, Conceptualising and measuring psychological preparedness for disaster: The Psychological Preparedness for Disaster Threat Scale. Natural Hazards, 101(1), 297-307. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11069-020-03866-4
  12. Ministry of Education [MOE], 2015, 2015 revised science curriculum (Notification No. 2015-74 of the Ministry of Education). Ministry of Education, Seoul, Korea. (in Korean).
  13. Nam, S., 2018, Earth in crisis, human being who has nowhere to back down. 21 Century Books. (in Korean).
  14. Neumann, I., Neumann, K., & Nehm, R., 2011, Evaluating instrument quality in science education: Rasch?based analyses of a nature of science test. International Journal of Science Education, 33(10), 1373-1405. https://doi.org/10.1080/09500693.2010.511297
  15. Santos-Reyes, J., Gouzeva, T., & Santos-Reyes, G., 2014, Earthquake risk perception and Mexico City's public safety. Procedia Engineering, 84, 662-671. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.proeng.2014.10.484
  16. Song, H., & Kim, W., 2013, Effects of risk characteristic and risk perception on risk severity of natural disaster. Journal of Korea Contents Association, 13(4), 198-207. (in Korean) https://doi.org/10.5392/JKCA.2013.13.04.198
  17. Tanaka, K., 2005, The impact of disaster education on public preparation and mitigation for earthquakes: a cross-country comparison between Fukui, Japan and the San Francisco Bay Area, California, USA. Applied Geography, 25(3), 201-225. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apgeog.2005.07.001
  18. United Nations International Strategy and Disaster Reduction (UNISDR), 2009, UNISDR Terminology on Disaster Risk Reduction. Geneva, Switzerland.