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The Membrane Society of Korea (한국막학회)
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Research Trends of Polybenzimidazole-based Polymer Electrolyte Membranes for High-temperature Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cells

고온 구동형 고분자 전해질 막 연료전지용 폴리벤즈이미다졸계 고분자 전해질 막의 개발 동향

  • HyeonGyeong, Lee (Department of Materials Engineering and Convergence Technology, Gyeongsang National University) ;
  • Gabin, Lee (Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Gyeongsang National University) ;
  • Kihyun, Kim (Department of Materials Engineering and Convergence Technology, Gyeongsang National University)
  • 이현경 (경상국립대학교 나노신소재융합공학과) ;
  • 이가빈 (경상국립대학교 나노.신소재공학부) ;
  • 김기현 (경상국립대학교 나노신소재융합공학과)
  • Received : 2022.12.14
  • Accepted : 2022.12.22
  • Published : 2022.12.31
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Abstract

High-temperature polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell (HT-PEMFC) has been studied as an alternative to low-temperature PEMFC due to its fast activation of electrodes and high resistance to electrode poisoning by carbon monoxide. It is highly required to develop stable PEMs operating at high temperatures even doped by ion-conducting materials for the development of high-performance and durable HT-PEMFC systems. A number of studies have been conducted to develop polybenzimidazole (PBI)-based PEMs for applications in HT-PEMFC due to their high interaction with doped ion-conducting materials and outstanding thermomechanical stability under high-temperature operation. This review focused on the development of PBI-based PEMs showing high performance and durability. Firstly, the characteristic behavior of PBI-based PEMs doped with various ion-conducting materials including phosphoric acid was systematically investigated. And then, a comparison of the physicochemical properties of the PEMs according to the different membrane manufacturing processes was conducted. Secondly, the incorporation of porous polytetrafluoroethylene substrate and/or inorganic composites to PBI matrix to improve the membrane performances was studied. Finally, the construction of cross-linked structures into PBI-based PEM systems by polymer blending method was introduced to improve the PEM properties.

고온 구동형 고분자 전해질 막 연료전지(high temperature polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell, HT-PEMFC)는 전극의 빠른 활성과 피독 현상에 대한 높은 저항성으로 인해 저온 구동형 PEMFC의 대안으로 많은 연구가 진행되고 있다. 폴리벤즈이미다졸(polybenzimidazole, PBI)을 기반으로 한 PEM의 경우 고온 구동 조건에서 이온 전도성 물질과의 높은 상호 작용과 우수한 열적ㆍ기계적 안정성 특징으로 인해 HT-PEMFC용 PBI 기반 전해질 막 개발과 관련된 다양한 연구들이 진행되고 있다. 본 총설에서는 고성능/고내구성의 PBI 기반 PEM을 개발하기 위해 1) 인산 및 다양한 이온전도성 물질이 도핑된 PBI 막의 특성 분석과 막 제조법에 따른 PBI 막의 물성 비교에 관한 연구를 우선적으로 살펴본 후 2) 다공성 폴리테트라플루 오르에틸렌 지지체 및 무기 입자 혼입을 통한 PBI 복합 막의 성능 개선 연구 및 3) 고분자 블렌딩을 통해 가교 구조가 도입된 PBI 기반 가교 막의 내구성 향상에 관한 연구 동향에 대하여 소개하고자 한다.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

이 연구는 2022년도 정부의 재원으로 한국연구재단사업 (NRF-2019M3E6A1064797, NRF-2019R1F1A1060550, NRF-2020R1A6A1A03038697, NRF-2022R1F1A1072548)의 지원을 받아 수행되었습니다.

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