Journal of Navigation and Port Research (한국항해항만학회지)

Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research (한국항해항만학회)
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A Study on the Productivity Changes of the Korean Container Shipping Lines using MPI

MPI를 활용한 국적 외항 컨테이너 선사의 생산성 변화 분석 연구

  • Sung Sub, Shin (Graduate School of Logistics, Incheon National University) ;
  • Chi Yeol, Kim (Major in Maritime Information and Finance, Korea Maritime and Ocean University) ;
  • Min-Ho, Ha (Graduate School of Logistics, Incheon National University)
  • 신성섭 (인천대학교) ;
  • 김치열 (한국해양대학교 해양정보.금융전공) ;
  • 하민호 (인천대학교 동북아물류대학원)
  • Received : 2022.12.13
  • Accepted : 2022.12.14
  • Published : 2022.12.31
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Abstract

This study analyzed the changes in the operational productivity of fourteen Korean container lines from 2019 to 2021 using MP I(Malmquist Productivity Index). The results indicated that the operational productivity of the shipping companies has increased by 38.4% annually, representing the TCI (Technical Change Index) increasing by 58.3% and the TECI (Technical Efficiency Change Index) decreasing by 12.6%. The increase in the operational productivity of the container shipping lines was mainly attributed to the high rise in ocean freight rates rather than an increase in fleet size or ship technical efficiency. However, the deep-sea shipping lines (i.e. HMM and SM lines) experienced increases in both the TCI and TECI, which was not the case for other shipping lines(i.e. Intra-Asian short-sea shipping lines). The intra-Asian short-sea shipping lines enhance their productivity due to the TCI but failed to appreciate the cost savings of the increased fleet effects due to the low SECI(Scale Efficiency Change Index) values.

본연구는 2019~2021년 14개 국적 외항 컨테이너 선사의 생산성 변화를 MPI(Malmquist Productivity Index)를 통해 분석하였다. 분석 기간 14개 선사의 MPI는 연평균 38.4% 증가한 것으로 분석되었다. MPI 변화 원인을 살펴보면, TCI(Technical Change Index)는 연평균 58.3% 증가하였으나 TECI(Technical Efficiency Change Index)는 연평균 12.6% 감소한 것으로 나타났다. 이는 선박의 효율성 또는 선대 규모 확대 효과보다는 운임상승에 의한 생산성 향상이 주원인임을 의미한다. 원양 해운선사인 HMM과 SM상선은 타 선사(아시아 역내 선사)와 달리 TECI와 TCI가 모두 생산성 향상에 긍정적인 영향을 미친 것으로 나타났다. 반면, 아시아 역내 선사의 경우 TCI(i.e. 운임상승) 값의 증가에 의한 생산성 향상이며, TECI값 중 SECI(Scale Effieicency Change Index) 값이 낮아 이들 선사는 선대 규모(규모의 경제) 변경에 따른 비용 절감 효과를 거의 누리지 못한 것으로 분석되었다.

Keywords

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