Journal of Acupuncture Research

Korean Acupuncture & Moxibustion Medicine Society (대한침구의학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Adverse Events of Thread Embedding Acupuncture for the Musculoskeletal Conditions and Diseases: A Narrative Review of Clinical Studies

  • Lee, Ji Sun (Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion Medicine, Pusan National University Korean Medicine Hospital) ;
  • Oh, Yoona (Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion Medicine, Pusan National University Korean Medicine Hospital) ;
  • Kim, Yeonhak (Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion Medicine, Pusan National University Korean Medicine Hospital) ;
  • Lee, Byung Ryul (Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion Medicine, Pusan National University Korean Medicine Hospital) ;
  • Yang, Gi Young (Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion Medicine, Pusan National University Korean Medicine Hospital) ;
  • Kim, Eunseok (Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion Medicine, Pusan National University Korean Medicine Hospital)
  • Received : 2021.11.19
  • Accepted : 2021.12.20
  • Published : 2022.02.28
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

This study aimed to analyze the status of adverse events (AEs) in the treatment of musculoskeletal conditions/diseases using thread embedding acupuncture (TEA). Five electronic databases were searched to retrieve data on clinical studies published in the last 5 years (2016 to 2021). Of the 151 studies retrieved, 22 studies analyzed AEs and were selected for this review. There were no AEs reported in 6 studies (27.3%); of the remaining 16 studies, 4 studies (18.2%) reported AEs that were not related to TEA. The most common AEs reported in the Chinese studies were redness of skin with/without swelling and tingling sensation, and in the Korean studies they were stiffness, a foreign body sensation, and bruising. The percentage of patients with AE experience was 5.1% in the Chinese studies and 19.9% in the Korean studies. The discrepancies between the findings in the Chinese and Korean studies may be attribute to differences in the diameter of needles, thread materials, TEA treatment procedure, and evaluation methods for AEs. Most of the reported AEs were of a mild status and did not last for a long time. However, further research on the clinical course after TEA treatment is needed.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

This work was supported by clinical research grant from Pusan National University Hospital in 2021 and Pusan National University Research Grant, 2021.

References

  1. Textbook Compilation Committee of Korean Acupuncture and Moxibustion Medicine Society. Acupuncture Medicine. Seoul (Korea): Hanmi Medical Publishing Co.; 2020. p. 181-184.
  2. Bae DB, Park JH, Lyu YS, Lee GE, Jung HG, Kang HW et al. The Case Report of 3 Dementia Patients Treated by Needle-Embedding Therapy. J Orient Neuropsychiatry 2012;23:99-116.
  3. Han HJ, Kim MJ, Jang IS, Kang SY. A Case Study of Stroke Patients with Hemiparesis Treated by Catgut-Embedding Therapy on Scalp Acupoints. Korean J Orient Int Med 2013;34:312-321.
  4. Chon YJ, Yoo JE. A Case Report for the Effects of Pharmacopuncture Combined Thread Implantation Therapy to Improve Localized Obesity. J Korean Med Obes Res 2015;15:144-148. https://doi.org/10.15429/jkomor.2015.15.2.144
  5. Yoon HJ. A Case Study of Androgenetic Alopecia in woman Improved by Pharmacopuncture Therapy and Needle-embedding Therapy. J Korean Med Ophthalmol Otolaryngol Dermatol 2014;27:162-170. https://doi.org/10.6114/JKOOD.2014.27.3.162
  6. Lee YJ, Choi YA, Kim TJ, Roh JD. Effectiveness of Thread-embedding Therapy Combined with Korean Medicine Treatment on Acute phase of Bell's Palsy. J Korean Med Ophthalmol Otolaryngol Dermatol 2021;34:1-12.
  7. Nair LS, Laurencin CT. Biodegradable polymers as biomaterials. Prog Polym Sci 2007;32:762-798. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2007.05.017
  8. Lee YS, Han CH, Lee YJ. A Literature Review on the Study of Thread Embedding Acupuncture in Domestic and Foreign Journals - Focus on Clinical Trials. J Prev Med Public Health 2016;20:93-113.
  9. Kwon K. The Analysis on the Present condition of Thread-embedding Threapy Papers Published in Journal of Korean Medicine. J Korean Med Ophthalmol Otolaryngol Dermatol 2014;27:16-44. https://doi.org/10.6114/JKOOD.2014.27.4.016
  10. Lee EM, Park DS, Kim DH, Kim HW, Jo EH, Ahn MS et al. A Literature Study and Recent Tendency on Oriental Correction of Deformities and "Needle-embedding Threapy." J Korean Acupunct Moxib Soc 2008;25:229-236.
  11. Xu XK, Chen GZ, Wu XY, Xu YX. Current situation,evaluation system and classified reactions of adverse reactions of acupoint thread embedding therapy. Chin J Tradit Chin Med Pharm 2020;35:399-402.
  12. Bao R, Zhang X, Han S, Xu X, Tian Y, Su H et al. Clinical Study of Acupoint Catgut Embedding in Treating LDH. J of Clin Acupunct and Moxib 2020;36:28-31.
  13. Lim SS, Sung HJ, Lee CK, Choi HY, Roh JD, Lee EY. The Effect of Thread Embedding Acupuncture on Lumbar Herniated Intervertebral Disc Patients: A Retrospective Study. Acupunct 2016;33:39-47. https://doi.org/10.13045/acupunct.2016053
  14. Sun Q. Comparison of effect of catgut implantation at acupoint and sacral canal closure in the treatment of lumbar discherniation with pain in waist and lower extremities. Chin Community Doc 2016;33:109-110.
  15. Yue H, Zeng L, Huang Z. Study on Effect of Warming Needle Moxibustion Combined with Catgut Implantation at Acupoints in Treatment of Patients with Lumbar Disc Herniation. Liaoning J Tradit Chin Med 2018;45:2641-2644.
  16. Zhang Y, Xu P, Geng C. Randomized Parallel Controlled Study of Acupoint Catgut Embedding in Treating Lumbar Disc Herniation Due (Qizhi Xueyu) J Pract Tradit Chin Int Med 2018;32:65-68.
  17. Cheng S. Clinical Observation on the Treatment of Nerve Root Cervical Spondylopathy by Catgut Embedding at Acupoints of Five Elements and Bagua (Houtian) at the Umbilical. J Pract Tradit Chin Med 2018;34:1114-1115.
  18. He X. Relationship Between the Depth of Acupoint Catgut Embedding and Its Effect on Cervical Spondylotic Radiculopathy. Shanghai J Acupunt Moxibusion 2019;38:1390-1394.
  19. Zhang Z, Lin X, Wang H. Effects of Acupoint Catgut Embedding Combined with Selective Nerve Root Angiography and Block in the Treatment of Cervical Spondylotic Radiculopathy. J Med Theory Pract 2021;34:2009-2011.
  20. Zhao W. Clinical effect of catgut embedding at acupoints on cervical spondylotic radiculopathy. Nei Mongol J Tradit Chin Med 2019;38:112-113.
  21. Gui S, Huang D, Li J. Clinical Analysis of Acupoint Catgut Embedding Compared with Acupuncture Combined with Seed-sized Moxa Cone Moxibustion at the Same Acupoint for the Treatment of Chronic Lumbar Muscle Strain. J Sichuan Tradit Chin Med 2017;35:209-211.
  22. Huang, N. and N. Zhao, Effectiveness and safety of acupoint thread embedding combined with conventional acupuncture in the treatment of chronic low back pain. J Cervicodynia Lumbodynia 2020;41:704-706.
  23. Sung WS, Hong YJ, Jeon SR, Yoon JM, Chung EK, Jo HG et al. Efficacy and safety of thread embedding acupuncture combined with acupuncture for chronic low back pain: A randomized, controlled, assessor-blinded, multicenter clinical trial. Medicine 2020;99:e22526. https://doi.org/10.1097/MD.0000000000022526
  24. Kim ES, Kim YS, Kim YI, Jeon JH, Yoo HR, Park YC et al. Effectiveness and Safety of Polydioxanone Thread-Embedding Acupuncture as an Adjunctive Therapy for Patients with Chronic Nonspecific Neck Pain: A Randomized Controlled Trial. J Altern Complement Med 2019;25:417-426. https://doi.org/10.1089/acm.2018.0228
  25. Kim JI, Han CH, Jeon JH, Kim JY, Kwon OJ, Jung SY et al. Effectiveness and Safety of Polydioxanone Thread Embedding Acupuncture Compared to Physical Therapy in the Treatment of Patients with Non-Specific Chronic Neck Pain: An Assessor-Blinded, Randomized, Controlled, Clinical Trial. J Pain Res 2021;14:201-211. https://doi.org/10.2147/JPR.S276941
  26. Wang H, Sun W, Wang Y, Jiang G. Clinical Observations on Microinvasive Thread Embedding for the Treatment of Neck Pain Due to Cervical Spondylosis. Shanghai J Acupunt Moxbusion 2016;35:1494-1496.
  27. Ma X, Han H. Clinical Effect and Safety of Qiangji Zhitong Decoction Combined with Jiaji Acupoints Catgut Embedding in Treating Ankylosing Spondylitis (Damp-Heat Obstruction Pattern. Inf Tradit Chin Med 2021;38:61-64.
  28. Zhao Y, Tian Y. Clinical Study on Zhoutian Infrared Moxibustion Combined with Acupoint Catgut Embedding for the Treatment of 53 Cases of Middle-aged and Elderly Ankylosing Spondylitis. Jiangsu J Tradit Chin Med 2021;2021:57-60.
  29. Du Y. Clinical Research of Rheumatoid Arthritis Treated with Acupoint Catgut Embedding Therapy. J Zhejiang Chin Med Univ 2016;40:710-712.
  30. Ma Z, Li Y, Ruan C. Clinical Observation on combined Use of Acupoint Catgut-embedding Therapy and Oral Medication of Leflunomide in Treatment of Rheumatoid Arthritis. J Hubei Univ of Chin Med 2016;18:99-101.
  31. Jiang Z, Ling J, Chen A. Observation on the clinical curative effect of simple quick-needling acupoint thread-embedding method in the treatment of acute frozen shoulder. Chin Pract Med 2021;2021:172-175.
  32. Zhang C, Shen T, Shi B. Clinical observation of Fengshi acupoint catgut embedding combined with dopazide in treating primary restless legs syndrome. Chin Naturop 2019;27:51-52.
  33. Naerbuli B, Ru L, Zhou Y. Observations on the Efficacy of Acupoint Thread Embedding for Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy. Shanghai J Acupunt Moxibusion 2020;39:61-64.
  34. Hazell L, Shakir SA, Under-reporting of adverse drug reactions: A systematic review. Drug Saf 2006;29:385-396. https://doi.org/10.2165/00002018-200629050-00003
  35. FDA [Internet]. FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) Public Dashboard 2018. Available from: https://www.fda.gov/drugs/questionsand-answers-fdasadverse-event-reporting-system-faers/fda-adverse-eventreporting-system-faerspublic-dashboard.
  36. World Health Organization. World alliance for patient safety: WHO draft guidelines for adverse event reporting and learning systems: from information to action. Geneva (Switzerland); World Health Organizatio: 2005.
  37. Ministry of Food and Drug Safety [Internet]. Electronic Transmission of Individual Case Safety Reports E2B(R3): Ministry of Food and Drug Safety; 2016. Available from: https://nedrug.mfds.go.kr/CCCAA02F010/getReportDocInfo?reportGbn=03.
  38. Wang XL, Lin GH, Xu N, Zeng JC, Xu DH, Wang SX. Analysis of adverse reactions of acupoint catgut embedding therapy. Chin Acupunct Moxibusion 2020;40:193-196.
  39. Feng H, Ding M, Jiang Y, Lin TY. Study on the Efficacy and Safety of Minimally Invasive Thread Embedding Therapy in the Treatment of Nerve Root Cervical Spondylopathy. Jiangsu J Tradit Chin Med 2012;44:59-60.