Advances in concrete construction

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Reactivity of aluminosilicate materials and synthesis of geopolymer mortar under ambient and hot curing condition

  • Zafar, Idrees (Department of Civil Engineering, College of Engineering, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University) ;
  • Tahir, Muhammad Akram (Faculty of Engineering, University of Central Punjab) ;
  • Hameed, Rizwan (Department of Architectural Engineering and Design, University of Engineering and Technology) ;
  • Rashid, Khuram (Department of Architectural Engineering and Design, University of Engineering and Technology) ;
  • Ju, Minkwan (Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Yonsei University)
  • Received : 2021.06.09
  • Accepted : 2021.12.28
  • Published : 2022.01.25
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Abstract

Aluminosilicate materials as precursors are heterogenous in nature, consisting of inert and partially reactive portion, and have varying proportions depending upon source materials. It is essential to assess the reactivity of precursor prior to synthesize geopolymers. Moreover, reactivity may act as decisive factor for setting molar concentration of NaOH, curing temperature and setting proportion of different precursors. In this experimental work, the reactivities of two precursors, low calcium (fly ash (FA)) and high calcium (ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBS)), were assessed through the dissolution of aluminosilicate at (i) three molar concentrations (8, 12, and 16 M) of NaOH solution, (ii) 6 to 24 h dissolution time, and (iii) 20-100℃. Based on paratermeters influencing the reactivity, different proportions of ternary binders (two precursors and ordinary cement) were activated by the combined NaOH and Na2SiO3 solutions with two alkaline activators to precursor ratios, to synthesize the geopolymer. Reactivity results revealed that GGBS was 20-30% more reactive than FA at 20℃, at all three molar concentrations, but its reactivity decreased by 32-46% with increasing temperature due to the high calcium content. Setting time of geopolymer paste was reduced by adding GGBS due to its fast reactivity. Both GGBS and cement promoted the formation of all types of gels (i.e., C-S-H, C-A-S-H, and N-A-S-H). As a result, it was found that a specified mixing proportion could be used to improve the compressive strength over 30 MPa at both the ambient and hot curing conditions.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

This research was performed by the Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) funded by the Ministry of Science and ICT (NRF-2020R1A2C1013043). Authors express thanks for the support.

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