The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology (문화기술의 융합)

The International Promotion Agency of Culture Technology (국제문화기술진흥원)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Dry Eyes and its Associated Factors in the elderly living in the community

지역사회 거주노인의 안구건조증 유병률과 관련요인

  • Received : 2021.12.31
  • Accepted : 2022.01.08
  • Published : 2022.01.31
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

This study aimed to identify the prevalence of dry eye, sleep disorder, depression and factors related to dry eye among the elderly living in the community. Study subjects were 149 elderly, 65 years of age or older from nearby people, acquaintances and community elderly-related centers that researchers could access. Data collection period was from June 1 to August 31, 2021. Data were analyzed by frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation, ANOVA, χ2-test, and multiple logistic regression. The results showed that dry eyes in elderly people were statistically significant according to age (χ2=4.50, p=.034), occupation (χ2=7.14, p=.008), chronic diseases (χ2=6.59, p=.010), drugs (χ2=4.86, p=.027), eye surgery (χ2=6.02, p=.014), and sleep disorders (χ2=7.29, p=.007). Multiple logistic regression revealed that dry eyes were associated with sleep disorders (OR=2.45, 95% CI=1.17-5.13). Therefore, for the management and prevention of dry eyes in the elderly, there is a need for nursing intervention and strategy that can find the causes of sleep disorders and improve the quality of sleep.

본 연구의 목적은 지역사회 거주 노인의 안구건조증, 수면장애, 우울의 유병률과 안구건조증 관련 요인을 파악하여 노인의 안구건조, 수면장애, 우울의 관련성을 규명하기 위함이다. 연구대상은 만 65세 이상 재가 노인으로, 일반적 특성과 우울, 수면의 질, 안구건조증 측정도구가 포함된 질문지를 이용하여 설문조사를 하였다. 149명의 자료를 분석한 결과 노인의 안구건조증 발생은 연령(χ2=4.50, p=.034), 직업유무(χ2=7.14, p=.008), 만성질환(χ2=6.59, p=.010), 약물(χ2=4.86, p=.027), 눈수술 여부(χ2=6.02, p=.014), 수면장애(χ2=7.29, p=.007)에 따라 통계적으로 유의한 차이를 보였다. 다중로지스틱회귀분석에서는 수면장애가 안구건조에 통계적으로 유의한 영향을 미치는 것으로 규명되었다(OR=2.45, 95% CI=1.17-5.13). 따라서, 노인의 안구건조증 관리 및 예방을 위해 수면장애를 유발하는 원인을 찾고 수면의 질을 증진 시킬 수 있는 간호중재 및 전략을 수립하는 것이 필요하다.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

이 연구는 2021년 을지대학교 대학혁신지원사업 지원을 받아 진행한 연구임.

References

  1. A. Sharma, H. B. Hindman, "Aging: A Predisposition to Dry Eyes", Journal of Ophthalmology, vol. 2014, Article ID 781683, 8pages, 2014. https://doi.org/10.1155/2014/781683
  2. S. Lee, "Health Problems of the Aged", Korean Nurses Association, vol. 24, no. 130, pp.19-23, 1985. https://scienceon.kisti.re.kr/srch/selectPORSrchArticle.do?cn=JAKO198565719420311
  3. S. Han, E. Kim, "Prevalence of Dry Eye Disease Its Affecting Factors by Using OSDI Questionnaire", Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society, vol. 17, no. 10, pp.93-103, 2016. https://doi.org/10.5762/KAIS.2016.17.10.93
  4. H. H, "The pathogenesis of dry eye disease and trends in treatment", Journal of the Korean Medical Association, vol. 59, no. 9, pp.713-718, 2016. https://doi.org/10.5124/jkma.2016.59.9.713
  5. K. J, "2014 Survey on Seniors", Korea Institute for Health and Social Affairs, Report No.: 2014-61, p.619, 2014.
  6. Y. R. Roh, S. M. Lee, Y. G. Lee, M. G. Kim, W. R. Wi, J. H Lee, "Changes in Clinical Manifestations of Dry Eye Syndrome after Cataract Surgery and the Affecting Factors", Journal of the Korean Ophthalmological Society, vol. 52, no. 9, pp.1030-1038, 2011. https://doi.org/10.3341/jkos.2011.52.9.1030
  7. H. N. Choi. "Dry eye, depression and vision related to quality of life in elderly", Graduate School of Chosun University, 2016.
  8. K. J. Cho, H. K. Kim, M. H. Lim, H. S. Baek, Y. A. Yang, B. H. Kang, J. Y. Lee, J. Y. Kim, M. S. Kim, C. M. Lee, "Depression, ADHD, Job Stress, and Sleep Problems with Dry Eye Disease in Korea", The Korean Psychological Association, vol. 18, no. 6, 2015. htttp://doi.org/10.4172/2378-5756.1000331
  9. B. A. Mander, J. R. Winer, M. P. Walker, "Sleep and Human Aging", Neuron, vol. 94, no. 1, pp.19-36, 2017. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuron.2017.02.004
  10. K. Crowley, "Sleep and sleep disorders in older adults", Neuropsychology Review, vol. 21, no. 1, pp.41-53, 2011. htttp://doi.org/10.1007/s11065-010-9154-6.
  11. S. Ancoli-Israel, D. F. Kripke , M. R. Klauber, W. J. Mason, R. Fell, O. Kaplan, "Sleep-disordered breathing in community-dwelling elderly", Sleep, vol. 14, no. 6, pp.486-495, 1991. https://doi.org/10.1093/sleep/14.6.486
  12. J. C. Rodriguez, J. M. Dzierzewski, C. A. Alessi, "Sleep problems in the elderly", Med Clin North Am, vol. 99, no. 2, pp.431-439, 2015. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mcna.2014.11.013
  13. C. P. Pollak, D. Perlick, "Sleep Problems and Institutionalization of the Elderly", Topics in geriatrics, vol. 4, no. 4, pp.204-210, 1991. https://doi.org/10.1177/089198879100400405
  14. H. W. Park, T. Kim, "A study on the Correlation between Quality of Sleep and Dry eye in Workers", The Korean Society Of Vision Science, vol. 20, no. 1, pp.77-86, 2018. https://doi.org/10.17337/JMBI.2018.20.1.77
  15. C. Shin, Y. Kim, S. Park, S. Yoon, Y. Ko, Y. Kim, S. Kim, S. W. Jeon, C. Han, "Prevalence and associated factors of depression in general population of Korea: results from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2014", Journal of Korean Medical Science, vol. 32, no. 11, pp.1861-1869, 2017. https://doi.org/10.3346/jkms.2017.32.11.1861
  16. J. Won, H. Jeon, H. Yi, "Self-rated Health and its Associated Factors in the Elderly", The International Promotion Agency of Culture Technology, vol. 5, no. 4, pp.217-225, 2019. https://doi.org/10.17703/JCCT.2019.5.4.217
  17. Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency, "Analysis of factors related to geriatric depression", vol. 2, no. 44, 2006-2007.
  18. K. R. Shin, Y. Kang, H. J. Park, K. Kim, L. H. Jin, "Depression, Somatoform Disorders, and Quality of Life between Poor Sleepers and Good Sleepers in Community-Dwelling Older Adults. Korean Journal of Adult Nursing", Korean Society of Adult Nursing, vol. 23, no. 4, pp.332-339, 2011. https://koreascience.or.kr/article/JAKO201114639121990.page
  19. R. M. Schiffman, M. D. Christianson, G. Jacobsen, J. D. Hirsch, B. L. Reis, "Reliability and Validity of the Ocular Surface Disease Index", Archives of Ophthalmology, vol. 118, no. 5, pp.615-621, 2000. https://doi.org/10.1001/archopht.118.5.615
  20. J. A. Yesavage, T. L. Brink, T. L. Rose, O. Lum, V. Huang, M. Adey, "Development and validation of a geriatric depression screening scale: a preliminary report", Journal of Psychiatric Research, vol. 17, no. 1, pp.37-49, 1982. https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-3956(82)90033-4
  21. B. S. Kee, "A Preliminary Study for the Standardization of Geriatric Depression Scale Short Form-Korea Version", Journal of The Korean Neuropsychiatric Association, vol. 35, no. 2, pp.298-307, 1996.
  22. I. K. Jung, D. I. Kwak, S. H. Joe, H. S. Lee, "A Preliminary Study on Standardization of Korean Form of Geriatric Depression Scale(KGDS)", J Korean Neuropsychiatr Assoc, vol. 37, no. 2, pp.340-351, 1998. https://koreamed.org/SearchBasic.php?RID=2340149
  23. Sohn, S.I., D. H. Kim, M. Y.Lee and Y.W. Cho, "The reliability and validity of the korean version of The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index", Sleep and Breathing vol. 16, no. 3, pp.803-812, 2012. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11325-011-0579-9
  24. C. M. Yun, S. Y. Kang, H. Kim, J. Song, "Prevalence of Dry Eye Disease among University Students", Journal of The Korean Ophthalmological Society, vol. 53, no. 4, pp.505-509, 2012. https://doi.org/10.3341/jkos.2012.53.4.505
  25. H. Kim, G. Park, "Relationships between Symptoms of Chronic Pain and Sleep Disturbance in Community-dwelling Elderly with Chronic Diseases", Journal of The Korean Society of Living Environmental System. vol.25, no.4, pp.424-431, 2018. https://doi.org/10.21086/ksles.2018.08.25.4.424
  26. Y. H. Choi, M. K. Joo, W. J. Kim, "Sleep Status among Older Adults in Korea according to Urban or Rural Area Residence", Journal of Sleep Medicine, vol. 17, no. 1, pp.37-43, 2020. https://doi.org/10.13078/jsm.190051
  27. H. Yi, "Sleep Quality and its Associated Factors in Adults", Journal of Korean Public Health Nursing, vol. 27, no. 1, pp.76-88, 2013. https://doi.org/10.5932/JKPHN.2013.27.1.76
  28. J. Luo, G. Zhu, Q. Zhao, Q. Guo, H. Meng, Z. Hong, D. Ding, "Prevalence and Risk Factors of Poor Sleep Quality among Chinese Elderly in an Urban Community: Results from the Shanghai Aging Study", PLoS ONE, vol. 8, no. 11, p.e81261, 2013. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0081261
  29. J. H. Kim, "Clinical Study on Ocular fatigue (Dry Eye) Patients", Journal of Oriental Neuropsychiatry, vol. 23, no. 2, pp.59-66, 2012. https://doi.org/10.7231/JON.2012.23.2.059
  30. M. Uchino, Y. Nishiwaki, T. Michikawa, K. Shirakawa, E. Kuwahara, M. Yamada, M. Dogru, D. A. Schaumberg, T. Kawakita, T. Takebayashi, K. Tsubota, "Prevalence and risk factors of dry eye disease in Japan:Koumi study", Ophthalmology. vol. 118, no. 12, pp.2361-2367, 2011. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ophtha.2011.05.029
  31. S. G. Min, M. S. Ha, "Original Article : Calculated CT Volumes of Lacrimal Glands in Normal Korean Orbits", Journal of The Korean Ophthalmological Society, vol. 56, no. 1, pp.1-5, 2015. https://doi.org/10.3341/jkos.2015.56.1.1
  32. R. Ranjan, S. K. Shukla, C. V. Singh, B. N. Mishra, S. Sinha, B. D. Sharma, "Prevalence of Dry Eye and Its Association with Various Risk Factors in Rural Setup of Western Uttar Pradesh in a Tertiary Care Hospital", Open Journal of Preventive Medicine, vol. 6, no. 1, pp.57-63, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/ojpm.2016.61005
  33. Y. J. Choi, K. K. Lee, S. B. Lee, D. Kim, J. J. Lee, "Association between Sleep and Loneliness in the Elderly Living Alone", vol. 28, no. 2, pp.168-176, 2020. https://doi.org/10.22722/KJPM.2020.28.2.168
  34. F. Malet, M. Le Goff, J. Colin, C. Schweitzer, M. Delyfer, J. Korobelnik, M. Rougier, T. Radeau, J. Dartigues, C. Delcourt, "Dry eye disease in French elderly subjects: The Alienor Study", Acta Ophthalmologica, vol. 92, no. 6, pp.e429-e436, 2014. https://doi.org/10.1111/aos.12174
  35. Y. Kim, J. Han, "Factors related to the Quality of Sleep in the Elderly Women", Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society, vol. 12, no. 10, pp.4467-4474, 2011. https://doi.org/10.5762/KAIS.2011.12.10.4467