Structural Engineering and Mechanics

Techno-Press (테크노프레스)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Effect of spatial variability of concrete materials on the uncertain thermodynamic properties of shaft lining structure

  • Wang, Tao (State Key Laboratory for Geomechanics and Deep Underground Engineering, School of Mechanics and Civil Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology) ;
  • Li, Shuai (State Key Laboratory for Geomechanics and Deep Underground Engineering, School of Mechanics and Civil Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology) ;
  • Pei, Xiangjun (State Key Laboratory of Geohazard Prevention and Geoenvironment Protection, Chengdu University of Technology) ;
  • Yang, Yafan (State Key Laboratory for Geomechanics and Deep Underground Engineering, School of Mechanics and Civil Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology) ;
  • Zhu, Bin (State Key Laboratory for Geomechanics and Deep Underground Engineering, School of Mechanics and Civil Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology) ;
  • Zhou, Guoqing (State Key Laboratory for Geomechanics and Deep Underground Engineering, School of Mechanics and Civil Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology)
  • Received : 2021.02.24
  • Accepted : 2021.10.22
  • Published : 2022.01.25
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

The thermodynamic properties of shaft lining concrete (SLC) are important evidence for the design and construction, and the spatial variability of concrete materials can directly affect the stochastic thermal analysis of the concrete structures. In this work, an array of field experiments of the concrete materials are carried out, and the statistical characteristics of thermophysical parameters of SLC are obtained. The coefficient of variation (COV) and scale of fluctuation (SOF) of uncertain thermophysical parameters are estimated. A three-dimensional (3-D) stochastic thermal model of concrete materials with heat conduction and hydration heat is proposed, and the uncertain thermodynamic properties of SLC are computed by the self-compiled program. Model validation with the experimental and numerical temperatures is also presented. According to the relationship between autocorrelation functions distance (ACD) and SOF for the five theoretical autocorrelation functions (ACFs), the effects of the ACF, COV and ACD of concrete materials on the uncertain thermodynamic properties of SLC are analyzed. The results show that the spatial variability of concrete materials is subsistent. The average temperatures and standard deviation (SD) of inner SLC are the lowest while the outer SLC is the highest. The effects of five 3-D ACFs of concrete materials on uncertain thermodynamic properties of SLC are insignificant. The larger the COV of concrete materials is, the larger the SD of SLC will be. On the contrary, the longer the ACD of concrete materials is, the smaller the SD of SLC will be. The SD of temperature of SLC increases first and then decreases. This study can provide a reliable reference for the thermodynamic properties of SLC considering spatial variability of concrete materials.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

This research was supported by Supported by the Opening Fund of State Key Laboratory of Geohazard Prevention and Geoenvironment Protection (Chengdu University of Technology) (Grant No. SKLGP2021K021), Key Research and Development Program of Xuzhou (Grant No. KC20179), and National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 51604265 and 41772338).

References

  1. Albegmprli, H.M., Cevik, A., Gulsan, M.E. and Kurtoglu, A.E. (2015), "Reliability analysis of reinforced concrete haunched beams shear capacity based on stochastic nonlinear FE analysis", Comput. Concrete, 15(2), 259-277. https://doi.org/10.12989/cac.2015.15.2.259.
  2. Andrushia, A.D., Anand, N. and Arulraj, G.P. (2021), "Evaluation of thermal cracks on fire exposed concrete structures using Ripplet transform", Math. Comput. Simul., 180, 93-113. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matcom.2020.07.024.
  3. Baji, H. (2020), "Stochastic modelling of concrete cover cracking considering spatio-temporal variation of corrosion", Cement Concrete Res., 133, 106081. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconres.2020.106081.
  4. Bary, B., De Morais, M.V., Poyet, S. and Durand, S. (2012), "Simulations of the thermo-hydro-mechanical behaviour of an annular reinforced concrete structure heated up to 200 C", Eng. Struct., 36, 302-315. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2011.12.007.
  5. Bary, B., Ranc, G., Durand, S. and Carpentier, O. (2008), "A coupled thermo-hydro-mechanical-damage model for concrete subjected to moderate temperatures", Int. J. HeatMass Transf., 51, 2847-2862. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2007.09.021.
  6. Bhattacharjya, S., Chakrabortia, S. and Dasb, S. (2015), "Robust optimization of reinforced concrete folded plate and shell roof structure incorporating parameter uncertainty", Struct. Eng. Mech., 56(5), 707-726. https://doi.org/10.12989/sem.2015.56.5.707.
  7. Bonfigli, M.F., Materazzi, A.L. and Breccolotti, M. (2017), "Influence of spatial correlation of core strength measurements on the assessment of in situ concrete strength", Struct. Saf., 68, 43-53. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.strusafe.2017.05.005.
  8. Bouhjiti, D.M., Baroth, J., Briffaut, M., Dufour, F. and Masson, B. (2018b), "Statistical modeling of cracking in large concrete structures under Thermo-Hydro-Mechanical loads: Application to Nuclear Containment Buildings. Part 1: Random field effects (reference analysis)", Nucl. Eng. Des., 333, 196-223. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nucengdes.2018.04.005.
  9. Bouhjiti, D.E.M., Boucher, M., Briffaut, M., Dufour, F., Baroth, J. and Masson, B. (2018a), "Accounting for realistic Thermo-Hydro-Mechanical boundary conditions whilst modeling the ageing of concrete in nuclear containment buildings: Model validation and sensitivity analysis", Eng. Struct., 166, 314-338. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2018.03.015.
  10. Breccolotti, M., Bonfigli, M.F. and Materazzi, A.L, (2018), "SonReb concrete assessment for spatially correlated NDT data", Constr. Build. Mater., 192, 391-402. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat. 2018.10.134.
  11. Canbaz, M., Dakman, H., Arslan, B. and Buyuksungur, A, (2019), "The effect of high-temperature on foamed concrete", Comput. Concrete, 24(1), 1-6. https://doi.org/10.12989/cac.2019.24.1.001.
  12. Djezzar, M., Ezziane, K., Kadri, A. and Kadri, E.H. (2018), "Modeling of ultimate value and kinetic of compressive strength and hydration heat of concrete made with different replacement rates of silica fume and w/b ratios", Adv. Concrete Constr., 6(3), 297-309. https://doi.org/10.12989/acc.2018.6.3.297.
  13. Do, T.A., Hoang, T.T., Bui-Tien, T., Hoang, H.V., Do, T.D. and Nguyen, P.A, (2020), "Evaluation of heat of hydration, temperature evolution and thermal cracking risk in high-strength concrete at early ages", Case Stud. Therm. Eng., 21, 100658. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.csite.2020.100658.
  14. Ge, Z. and Wang, K, (2009), "Modified heat of hydration and strength models for concrete containing fly ash and slag", Comput. Concrete, 6(1), 19-40. https://doi.org/10.12989/cac.2009.6.1.019.
  15. Gulsan, M.E., Cevik, A. and Kurtoglu, A.E. (2015), "Stochastic finite element based reliability analysis of steel fiber reinforced concrete (SFRC) corbels", Comput. Concrete, 15(2), 279-304. https://doi.org/10.12989/cac.2015.15.2.279.
  16. Hamid, H. and Chorzepa, M.G. (2020), "Quantifying maximum temperature in 17 mass concrete cube specimens made with mixtures including metakaolin and/or slag", Constr. Build. Mater., 252, 118950. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2020.118950.
  17. Issaadi, N., Hamami, A.A., Belarbi, R. and Ait-Mokhtar, A, (2017a), "Experimental assessment of the variability of concrete air permeability: repeatability, reproducibility and spatial variability", Energy Procedia, 139, 537-543. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.egypro.2017.11.250.
  18. Issaadi, N., Hamami, A.A., Belarbi, R. and Ait-Mokhtar, A. (2017b), "Experimental assessment of the spatial variability of porosity, permeability and sorption isotherms in an ordinary building concrete", Heat Mass Transf., 53(10), 3037-3048. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00231-017-2041-4.
  19. Jendele, L., Smilauer, V. and Cervenka, J. (2014), "Multiscale hydro-thermo-mechanical model for early-age and mature concrete structures", Adv. Eng. Softw., 72, 134-146. https://doi.org/10.1016/j. advengsoft.2013.05.002.
  20. Kathirvel, P. and Kaliyaperumal, S.R.M. (2017), "Probabilistic modeling of geopolymer concrete using response surface methodology", Comput. Concrete, 19(6), 737-744. https://doi.org/10.12989/cac.2017.19.6.737.
  21. Kim, J.J., Fan, T. and Reda Taha, M.M. (2011), "A homogenization approach for uncertainty quantification of deflection in reinforced concrete beams considering microstructural variability", Struct. Eng. Mech., 38(4), 503-516. https://doi.org/10.12989/sem.2011.38.4.503.
  22. Liu, H., Ren, X. and Li, J, (2018), "Indentation tests based multi-scale random media modeling of concrete", Constr. Build. Mater., 168, 209-220. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2018.02.050.
  23. Maanser, A., Benouis, A. and Ferhoune, N. (2018), "Effect of high temperature on strength and mass loss of admixtured concretes", Constr. Build. Mater., 166, 916-921. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2018.01.181.
  24. Masi, A., Digrisolo, A. and Santarsiero, G. (2019), "Analysis of a large database of concrete core tests with emphasis on within-structure variability", Mater., 12(12), 1985. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma12121985.
  25. Mastali, M., Dalvand, A. and Fakharifar, M. (2016), "Statistical variations in the impact resistance and mechanical properties of polypropylene fiber reinforced self-compacting concrete", Comput. Concrete, 18(1), 113-137. https://doi.org/10.12989/cac.2016.18.1.113.
  26. Mindeguia, J.C., Pimienta, P., Noumowe, A. and Kanema, M, (2010), "Temperature, pore pressure and mass variation of concrete subjected to high temperature-experimental and numerical discussion on spalling risk", Cement Concrete Res., 40(3), 477-487. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconres.2009.10.011.
  27. Nematzadeh, M. and Baradaran-Nasiria, A. (2019), "Mechanical performance of fiber-reinforced recycled refractory brick concrete exposed to elevated temperatures", Comput. Concrete, 24(1), 19-35. https://doi.org/10.12989/cac.2019.24.1.019.
  28. Nguyen, N.T., Sbartai, Z.M., Lataste, J.F., Breysse, D. and Bos, F, (2013), "Assessing the spatial variability of concrete structures using NDT techniques-Laboratory tests and case study", Constr. Build. Mater., 49, 240-250. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2013.08.011.
  29. Pan, Z., Ruan, X. and Chen, A. (2015), "A 2-D numerical research on spatial variability of concrete carbonation depth at meso-scale", Comput. Concrete, 15(2), 231-257. https://doi.org/10.12989/cac.2015.15.2.231.
  30. Salhi, M., Alex, L., Ghrici, M. and Bliard, C. (2019), "Effect of temperature on the behavior of self-compacting concretes and their durability", Adv. Concrete Constr., 7(4), 277-288. https://doi.org/10.12989/acc.2019.7.4.277.
  31. Scalbi, A., Olmi, R. and Inglese, G, (2019), "Evaluation of fractures in a concrete slab by means of laser-spot thermography", Int. J. Heat Mass Transf., 141, 282-293. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2019.06.082.
  32. Schoefs, F., Bastidas-Arteaga, E. and Tran, T.V. (2017), "Optimal embedded sensor placement for spatial variability assessment of stationary random fields", Eng. Struct., 152, 35-44. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2017.08.070.
  33. Simos, N., Fallier, M., Joos, T., Johnson, E. and Soueid, A, (2020), "Thermally induced cracking on the massive concrete structure of the NSLS II synchrotron and its engineering remediation", Eng. Struct., 212, 110519. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2020.110519.
  34. Tahersima, M. and Tikalsky, P. (2017), "Finite element modeling of hydration heat in a concrete slab-on-grade floor with limestone blended cement", Constr. Build. Mater., 154, 44-50. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2017.07.176.
  35. Tasri, A. and Susilawati, A, (2019), "Effect of cooling water temperature and space between cooling pipes of post-cooling system on temperature and thermal stress in mass concrete", J. Build. Eng., 24, 100731. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jobe.2019.100731.
  36. Vanmarcke, E. (2010), Random Fields: Analysis and Synthesis, World Scientific, Singapore.
  37. Wang, L., Chen, Q., Liu, X., Zhang, B. and Shen, Y. (2020), "Research on damage of 3D random aggregate concrete model under ultrasonic dynamic loading", Comput. Concrete, 26(1), 11-20. https://doi.org/10.12989/cac.2020.26.1.011.
  38. Wang, T., Zhou, G.Q., Chao, D.Y. and Yin, L.J. (2018b), "Influence of hydration heat on stochastic thermal regime of frozen soil foundation considering spatial variability of thermal parameters", Appl. Therm. Eng., 142, 1-9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2018.06.069.
  39. Wang, T., Zhou, G.Q., Jiang, X. and Wang, J.Z. (2018a), "Assessment for the spatial variation characteristics of uncertain thermal parameters for warm frozen soil", Appl. Therm. Eng., 134, 484-489. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2018.02.023.
  40. Woltman, G., Noel, M. and Fam, A. (2017), "Experimental and numerical investigations of thermal properties of insulated concrete sandwich panels with fiberglass shear connectors", Energy Build., 145, 22-31. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enbuild.2017.04.007.
  41. Wu, C.H., Lin, Y.F., Lin, S.K. and Huang, C.H. (2020), "Temperature development and cracking characteristics of high strength concrete slab at early age", Struct. Eng. Mech., 74(6), 747-756. https://doi.org/10.12989/sem.2020.74.6.747.
  42. Yang, K.H., Mun, J.S., Kim, D.G., Chang, C.H. and Mun, J.H. (2020), "Thermal cracking assessment for nuclear containment buildings using high-strength concrete", Comput. Concrete, 26(5), 429-438. https://doi.org/10.12989/cac.2020.26.5.429.
  43. Yasien, A.M. and Bassuoni, M.T. (2020), "Bonding of nano-modified concrete with steel under freezing temperatures using different protection methods", Comput. Concrete, 26(3), 257-273. https://doi.org/10.12989/cac.2020.26.3.257.
  44. Yim, H.J., Park, S.J. and Jun, Y. (2019), "Physicochemical and mechanical changes of thermally damaged cement pastes and concrete for re-curing conditions", Cement Concrete Res., 125, 105831. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconres.2019.105831.
  45. Zhu, Z., Zhang, G., Liu, Y. and Wang, Z. (2019), "Incremental extended finite element method for thermal cracking of mass concrete at early ages", Struct. Eng. Mech., 69(1), 33-42. https://doi.org/10.12989/sem.2019.69.1.033.