Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety (한국식품위생안전성학회지)

The Korean Society of Food Hygiene and Safety (한국식품위생안전성학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Primary Food Commodity Classification of Processed Foods of Plant Origin in the Codex Food Classification

코덱스 식품 분류에서 식물성 가공식품의 원료식품 분류

  • Mi-Gyung, Lee (Department of Food Science & Biotechnology, Andong National University)
  • 이미경 (국립안동대학교 식품생명공학과)
  • Received : 2022.11.14
  • Accepted : 2022.12.12
  • Published : 2022.12.30
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to obtain the codex classification information on the primary food commodity (fresh state) of processed foods of plant origin that are included in the Codex Classification of Foods and Animal Feeds. Furthermore, whether or not the primary food commodity is included in the primary food classification from the Food Code of Korea was investigated. The results are summarized as follows: First, the Codex Classification information (number of classification codes/number of the primary food commodity group that fresh commodities of processed foods are classified/number of primary food commodity that is not included in the Codex Classification) by a processed food group appeared to be 46/8/0 for dried fruits, 76/11/1 for dried vegetables, 54/4/12 for dried herbs, 36/1/0 for cereal grain milling fractions, 17/4/3 for oils and fats (crude), 34/8/9 for oils and fats (refined), 20/8/0 for fruit juices, 3/2/0 for vegetable juices, and 19 codes for teas (in the Codex Classification, the primary food commodity group for tea does not exist). Second, the number of the primary food commodities not included in the Food Code of Korea was 9 for dried fruits, 14 for dried vegetables, 35 for dried herbs, 0 for cereal grain milling fractions, 6 for teas, 3 for oils and fats (crude), 9 for oils and fats (refined), 2 for fruit juices, and 0 for vegetable juices. Third, it was demonstrated that caution should be exercised when using Codex Classification due to differences in food classification between Codex and Korea, such as coconut (Codex, as tree nut as well as assorted tropical and sub-tropical fruit) and olive (Codex, as assorted tropical and sub-tropical fruit as well as olives for oil production), as well as special cases in the Codex Classification, such as dried chili pepper (Codex, as spice), tomato juice (Codex, as vegetable for primary food commodity and as fruit juice for juice) and ginger (Codex, as spice for rhizome and not including as primary commodity for leaves).

본 연구는 코덱스 식품분류에 포함된 식물성 가공식품에 대해 그 원료식품에 대한 코덱스 식품원료 분류 정보(그룹 및 subgroup)와 국내 식품원료 분류 포함 여부를 파악하기 위해 수행되었다. 연구 결과를 간략히 요약하면 다음과 같다. 첫째 코덱스 주요 가공식품 그룹별로 코덱스 분류 내용을 가공식품 그룹(분류 코드의 수/원료식품이 포함되는 식품원료 그룹 수/식품원료 분류에 포함되지 않은 원료식품의 수)로 보면, 건조 과일류(46/8/0), 건조 채소류(76/11/1), 건조 허브류(54/4/12), 곡류 도정 가공품(36/1/0), 차(19개 코드, 가공식품으로만 분류), 식물성 조제유(17/4/3), 식물성 정제유(34/8/9), 과일 주스(20/8/0), 채소 주스(3/2/0)로 나타났다. 둘째 국내 식품원료 분류에 포함되어 있지 않은 원료식품의 수는 건조 과일류 9종, 건조 채소류 14종, 건조 허브류 35종, 곡류 도정 가공품 0종, 차 6종, 식물성 조제유 3종, 식물성 정제유 9종, 과일 주스 2종, 채소 주스 0종이었다. 셋째 코덱스와 국내 식품 분류에 차이를 보이는 코코넛(코덱스는 열대과일뿐만 아니라 견과로도 분류), 올리브(유지종실뿐만 아니라 열대과일로도 분류) 그리고 코덱스 분류에서 특이점을 보이는 건조 고추(향신료로 분류, 건조채소류로 분류하지 않음), 토마토 주스(원료식품은 채소류, 주스는 과일주스로 분류), 생강(잎은 식품원료 분류에 포함되어 있지 않으나 뿌리줄기는 향신료에 포함)과 같은 식품에 대해 코덱스 식품 분류를 활용하는 데 주의가 필요한 것으로 나타났다.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

이 논문은 안동대학교 기본연구지원사업에 의하여 연구되었다.

References

  1. Ministry of Food and Drug Safety, Food Code (incl. Notification, 2022-48), MFDS, Korea, pp. 15-18 (2022).
  2. Codex Alimentarius Commission, Codex Alimentarius Volume 2 Pesticide Residues in Food, CAC, Rome, pp. 1-142 (1993)
  3. Codex Alimentarius Commission, Report of the 39th Session of the Codex Committee on Pesticide Residues, pp. 14-15 (2007).
  4. Ministry of Food and Drug Safety, Food Code (incl. Notification, 2018-33), MFDS, Korea, pp. 2-5 (2018).
  5. Ministry of Food and Drug Safety, Food Code (incl. Notification, 2018-74), MFDS, Korea, pp. 10-11 (2018).
  6. Lee, M.G., Classification and nomenclature of fruit commodities in South Korea and Codex Alimentarius Commission. J. Food Hyg. Saf., 33, 162-167 (2018). https://doi.org/10.13103/JFHS.2018.33.3.162
  7. Lee, M.G., Classification of vegetable commodities by the Codex Alimentarius Commission. J. Food Hyg. Saf., 34, 87-93 (2019). https://doi.org/10.13103/JFHS.2019.34.1.87
  8. Lee, M.G., Food classification by the Codex Alimentarius Commission, cereal grains, nuts and seeds, herbs and spices. J. Food Hyg. Saf., 34, 212-218 (2019). https://doi.org/10.13103/JFHS.2019.34.2.212
  9. Codex Alimentarius Commission, Report of the 51st Session of the Codex Committee on Pesticide Residues, pp. 11-13 (2019).
  10. Codex Alimentarius Commission, Report of the 52nd Session of the Codex Committee on Pesticide Residues, pp. 12-13 (2021).
  11. Codex Alimentarius Commission, Report of the 53rd Session of the Codex Committee on Pesticide Residues, pp. 93-122 (2022).
  12. Ministry of Food and Drug Safety, Food Code (incl. Notification, 2022-56), MFDS, Korea, pp. 3-6 (2018).
  13. Codex Alimentarius Commission, Report of the 49th Session of the Codex Committee on Pesticide Residues, pp. 56-143 (2017).
  14. Codex Alimentarius Commission, Report of the 50th Session of the Codex Committee on Pesticide Residues, pp. 52-81 (2018).
  15. Ministry of Food and Drug Safety, Food Code, English version (incl. Notification, 2017-57), MFDS, Korea, p. 16-17 (2017).
  16. Ministry of Food and Drug Safety, Pesticide MRLs in Agricultural Commodities, MFDS, Korea, pp. 8-11 (2020).
  17. Korean Society of Food Science and Technology, KoSFoST Dictionary of Food Science and Technology, KoSFoST, Korea, p. 625 (2012).
  18. Codex Alimentarius Commission, Standards for Olive Oils and Olive Pomace Oils (CXS 33-1981), CAC, p. 2 (2021).
  19. Ministry of Food and Drug Safety, Food Code (incl. Notification, 2022-76), MFDS, Korea, pp. 113-115 (2022).
  20. Codex Alimentarius Commission, General Standard for Fruit Juices and Nectars (CODEX STAN 247-2005), CAC, p. 17 (2005).