벤처창업연구 (Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship)

  • 제16권5호
  • /
  • Pages.15-29
  • /
  • 2021
  • /
  • 1975-7557(pISSN)
  • /
  • 2671-9509(eISSN)
한국벤처창업학회 (The Korean Society of Business Venturing)
권호 표지

ERIS모델 기반 창업지속요인 분석: 조직 리질리언스를 중심으로

Analysis of Start-up Sustainability Factors Based on ERIS Model: Focusing on the Organization Resilience

  • 김인숙 (한국교통대학교 창업지원교육센터) ;
  • 양지희 (동덕여자대학교 교육컨설팅학과)
  • Kim, InSook (Korea National University of Transportation, Entrepreneurial Business Management & Training Center) ;
  • Yang, Ji Hee (Dongduk Women's University, Department of Education Consulting)
  • 투고 : 2021.09.10
  • 심사 : 2021.10.18
  • 발행 : 2021.10.31
PDF 다운로드
⟨ 이전 논문 다음 논문 ⟩

초록

본 연구의 목적은 창업성과모델인 ERIS모델과 조직 리질리언스를 중심으로 창업지속요인을 도출하는 것이다. 이를 위해 체계적 문헌고찰과 수정된 델파이 기법을 활용하여 조직 리질리언스를 중심으로 한 ERIS모델 기반 창업지속요인을 분석하였다. 분석결과, ERIS모델 기반 창업지속요인은 창업가, 자원, 산업환경, 전략의 4가지 분류와 하위구분 8개, 세부요인 54개로 분석되었으며 수정된 델파이 기법을 통해 창업지속요인의 적합도를 확인하였다. 또한, 조직 리질리언스를 중심으로 ERIS모델 기반 창업지속요인을 구조화한 결과, 리더십, 문화, 사람, 시스템, 환경의 5가지 분류 아래 ERIS모델에 기반하여 창업지속요인을 구조화하여 통합 프레임웍(ERIS-R)으로 제시하였다. 본 연구의 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 기존 선행연구 분석결과, 다양한 분야의 선행연구에서 창업성공과 창업지속성의 개념이 혼용되어 사용되고 있었다. 둘째, ERIS모델을 기반으로 한 창업성과와 창업지속성에 주요하게 영향을 미치는 요인이 공통적으로 존재함을 확인하였다. 셋째, 조직 리질리언스를 중심으로 창업지속요인에 대한 수정된 델파이 분석 결과, 창업가 개인과 기업의 일반적 특징은 실제로 창업지속성에는 영향을 미치지 않는 것으로 확인되었다. 본 연구는 조직 리질리언스 개념을 중심으로 창업지속요인을 ERIS모델에 기반하여 분석했다는 것과 점차 확장되고 있는 창업 육성·지원 분야에서 ERIS모델에 전략(Strategy)을 시스템(System)으로 포괄하여 조직 리질리언스(Organization resilience)를 R로 연결한 통합 프레임웍(ERIS-R)을 제시했다는 점에서 그 의의가 있다. 본 연구결과를 통해 창업기업에서는 수시로 직면하는 다양한 위기상황에 대해 예측, 예방 및 극복할 수 있는 창업기업 지속성을 높일 수 있으며, 창업기업 지원 기관에서는 창업기업의 지속가능한 경영을 지원할 수 있는 육성 및 지원 정책 개발, 성과관리 등의 기초자료로 활용할 것으로 기대된다.

This study is based on ERIS model for start-up performance, and aims to derive the main reason for start-up sustainability centered on organizational resilience. To this end, systematic literature examination and modified Delphi method were used to investigate start-up sustainability factors based on ERIS Model focused on organizational resilience. The results showed that ERIS model-based entrepreneurial continuity factors were divided into four categories: entrepreneur, resource, industrial environment, strategy, subdivision 8 and detailed factors 54. In addition, the ERIS model-based continuity factors were structured around organizational resilience, and the continuity factors were structured according to ERIS model under five categories: leadership, culture, people, system and environment. The results of this study are as follows. First of all, the results of existing research and analysis show that the concept of successful start-up and sustainability of start-up are used in various fields. Second, it is confirmed that there are common factors of influence on start-up performance and start-up sustainability based on ERIS model. Third, Delphi method's results showed that the general characteristics of entrepreneurs, such as academic background, education level, gender, age, and business experience did not affect the sustainability of entrepreneurship. This study is significant in that it is based on ERIS model focused on organization resilience, and ERIS-R, which integrates Strategy into System and Organization resilience into R in the field of gradually expanding start-up development and support. It is expected that the results of this study will improve the sustainability of start-up that can predict, prevent, and overcome various crises at any time.

키워드

참고문헌

  1. An, J. Y., & Seong, J. M.(2003). An Empirical Study on the Duration of Self-employment. Korean Journal of Labour Economics, 26(2), 1-30.
  2. An, S. Y., & Cho, S. M.(2018). What makes youth entrepreneurs survive: Focusing on the mediating roles of job satisfaction and person-job fit. Journal of the Korean Entrepreneurship Society, 13(4), 85-115. https://doi.org/10.24878/tkes.2018.13.4.085
  3. An, H. S., & Kim, H. J.(2014). An introduction to systematic review. Journal of the Korean Medical Association. 57(1), 49-59. https://doi.org/10.5124/jkma.2014.57.1.49
  4. Bell, M. A.(2002). The five principles of organizational resilience. Gartner Research.
  5. Brush, C., De Bruin, A., & Welter, F.(2009). A gender aware framework for women's entrepreneurship. International Journal of Gender and Entrepreneurship, 1(1), 8-24. https://doi.org/10.1108/17566260910942318
  6. Corey, C. M., & Deitch, E. A.(2011). Factors affecting business recovery immediately after Hurricane Katrina. Journal of Contingencies and Crisis Manage, 19(3), 169-181. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-5973.2011.00642.x
  7. Coutu, D. L.(2002). How resilience works. Harvard business review, 80(5), 46-56.
  8. Denhardt, J., & Denhardt, R.(2010). Building organizational resilience and adaptive management. Handbook of adult resilience, 333-349.
  9. Gartner, W. B.(1985). A conceptual framework for describing the phenomenon of new venture creation. Academy of management review, 10(4), 696-706. https://doi.org/10.5465/AMR.1985.4279094
  10. Gulati, R.(2010). Reorganize for resilience: Putting customers at the center of your business. Harvard Business Press.
  11. Han, S. H., Lee, Y. C., & Yoon, J. H.(2021). An Analysis on the Determinants of Success for Tourism Start-ups: Application of the ERIS Model. International Journal of Tourism Sciences, 45(2), 101-123.
  12. Han, J. H., & Sin, J. G.(2004). Analysis of factors in startup failure: Dynamic ERIS. Korean Society of Strategic Management's thesis presentation, 75-97.
  13. Hong, J. I., & Kim, S. W.(2021). Case Study on Success and Innovation Activities of Women Entrepreneurs: Focusing on Startups. Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship, 16(1), 55-69. https://doi.org/10.16972/APJBVE.16.1.202102.55
  14. Holling, C. S.(1973). Resilience and stability of ecological systems. Annual review of ecology and systematics, 4(1), 1-23. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.es.04.110173.000245
  15. Horne, J., & Orr, J.(1998). Assessing behaviors that create resilient organizations. Employment Relations Today, 29-39.
  16. Hwang, J. S., Sim, D. H., & Lee, J. W.(2021). A Study on Scale-Up Success Factors for ICT Startups: A Case Analysis Using ERIS Model. Journal of Digital Convergence, 19(4), 89-101. https://doi.org/10.14400/JDC.2021.19.4.089
  17. Jo, S. K., Son, J. S., & Lee, W. J.(2015). The Study on The Effect of Entrepreneurial Orientation and Learning Orientation Toward to SME's Performance. Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship, 10(6), 1-13. https://doi.org/10.16972/APJBVE.10.6.201512.1
  18. Jung. H. M.(2020). The Exploration of the Standards for Teaching Competency of Specialized High School Teach ers by using Modified Delphi & AHP. Unpublished master's thesis. Korea National University of Education.
  19. Kantur, D., & Iseri-Say, A.(2012). Organizational resilience: A conceptual integrative framework. Journal of Manage ment & Organization, 18(6), 762-773. https://doi.org/10.5172/jmo.2012.18.6.762
  20. Kim, M. S., & Kang, J. W.(2021). Entrepreneurship Policy Changes from the Perspective of Policy Paradigm. Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship, 16(3), 43-58. https://doi.org/10.16972/APJBVE.16.3.202106.43
  21. Kim, I. S., & Yang, J. H.(2021). A Systematic Review Study on the Start-Up Sustainability Factors by Franchises Growth Cycle in Korea: Focusing on the ERIS Model. The Korean Journal of Franchise Management, 12(2), 23-33. https://doi.org/10.21871/KJFM.2021.6.12.2.23
  22. Kim, H. D., & Lee, C. G.(2018). A study on the relationship between characteristics of young entrepreneurs and entrepreneurship anxiety. Journal of the Korean Entrepreneurship Society, 13(2), 53-76. https://doi.org/10.24878/tkes.2018.13.2.053
  23. Kwak, D. C., Joo, Y. H., & Cho, B. H.(2016). A study on influential factors of survival rates: Focused on youth start-ups. Asia Pacific Journal of Small Business, 38(4), 77-94.
  24. Lawshe, C. H.(1975). A quantitative approach to content validity. Personnel psychology, 28(4), 563-575. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-6570.1975.tb01393.x
  25. Lee, K. B., & Lee, S. H. (2015). Research Paper: Qualitative Study of Development Scale to Rate Expertise of Hair Designers by Revised Delphi Method. Journal of The Korean Society of cosmetology. 21(3), 414-427.
  26. Lee, S. J., & Nam, J. M.(2018). Analysis of Start-up Success Factors by AER Case. Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship, 13(2), 39-50. https://doi.org/10.16972/APJBVE.13.2.201804.39
  27. Lee, S. B.(2017). An analysis on the critical startup success factors in small-sized venture businesses. Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship, 12(3), 53-63. https://doi.org/10.16972/APJBVE.12.3.201706.53
  28. Lee, J. S.(2006). Delphi Method. Seoul: kyoyookbook.
  29. Lee, J. H., Yang, H. J. & Kim, D. H.(2018). Developing a Disaster Management Assessment Model Using a Resilience Engineering Method. Crisisonomy, 14(12), 73-83.
  30. Lengnick-Hall, C. A., & Beck, T. E.(2011). Developing a capacity for organizational resilience through strategic human resource management. Human Resource Management Review, 21, 243-255. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hrmr.2010.07.001
  31. Lewis, S. J., & Orland B. I.(2004). The importance and impact of evidence-based medicine. Journal of Managed Care Pharmacy. 10(5), 3-5.
  32. McAlister, F. A., Clark, H. D., van Walraven, C., Straus, S. E., Lawson, F. M., Moher, D., & Mulrow, C. D.(1999). The medical review article revisited: has the science improved?. Annals of internal medicine, 131(12), 947-951. https://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-131-12-199912210-00007
  33. Ministry of SMEs and Startups(2021a), Prepare "12 Key Tasks" to become one of the world's four major venture powerhouses, Retrieved 2021.8.26. from https://url.kr/jyix6o
  34. Ministry of SMEs and Startups(2021b), MSS has set aside 18 trillion won for the 2022 budget. Retrieved 2021.9.1. from https://url.kr/rtu8wn
  35. Ministry of SMEs and Startups(2021c), The answer to sustainable development is found in ventures and start-ups, Retrieved 2021.9.6. from https://url.kr/z4kvmx
  36. Murray, J. W., & Hammons, J. O.(1995). Delphi: A versatile methodology for conducting qualitative. Personnel Psychology, 28(4), 563-575
  37. Nam, D. H., & Han, M. Y., & Koo, P. H.(2020). A Study on Factors Affecting Success Start-ups or Sustainable Management: Based on the mediated effects of environ mental dynamics. Technology Management, 5(3), 1-30. https://doi.org/10.33443/TM.2020.5.3.1
  38. Nam, J. M.(2014). A Study on the Factors Affecting Success of Start-up in Korea. Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship, 9(5), 13-20.
  39. Nunnally, J. C.(1978), Psychometric theory(2nd Ed.). New York, McGraw Hill.
  40. Park, D. S.(2001). Research Methodology in Education. Seoul: Moonumsa.
  41. Park, J. W., Park, M. S., & Kim, D. Y.(2012). Critical Review of The current Policies of Fostering the Youth Start-up Firms within the Framework of Entrepreneurial Ecosystem. Korean Business Education Review, 27(5), 1-30.
  42. Park, H, Y.(2012). Developing a Measurement Scale of Service Quality for Dance Company. Korean journal of physical education, 51(2). 369-377.
  43. Porter, M. E.(1985). Competitive Advantage: Creating and Sustaining Superior Performance. New York: Free Press.
  44. Rowe, G., & Wright, G.(2001). Expert opinions in forecast ing: the role of the Delphi technique. In Principles of forecasting. Boston MA: Springer
  45. Sandberg, W. R., & Hofer, C. W.(1987). Improving new venture performance: The role of strategy, industry structure, and the entrepreneur. Journal of Business venturing, 2(1), 5-28. https://doi.org/10.1016/0883-9026(87)90016-4
  46. Sheffi, Y., & Rice, Jr. Jb.(2005). A supply chain view of the resilient enterprise. MIT Sloan Management Review, 47(1), 41-48.
  47. Shin, Y. S., & Choi, M. G.(2010). A Study on Success Factors for Entrepreneurs in IT Ventures. Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society, 11(7), 2371-2385. https://doi.org/10.5762/KAIS.2010.11.7.2371
  48. Shong, I. H.(2019). An Empirical Analysis on the Success and Sustainability Factors for the Establishment of a Small Business. Journal of the Korean Entrepreneurship Society, 14(6), 50-69 https://doi.org/10.24878/tkes.2019.14.6.050
  49. Sutcliffe, K. M.(2003). Organizing for resilience. Positive organizational scholarship: Foundations of a new discipline.
  50. Weick, K. E.(1993). The collapse of sensemaking in organizations: The Mann Gulch disaster. Administrative Science Quarterly, 38(4), 628-652. https://doi.org/10.2307/2393339
  51. Werner, E. E., & Smith, R. S.(1977). Kauai's children come of age. Honolulu, HI: University of Hawaii Press.
  52. Williams, P. L., & Webb, C.(1994). The Delphi technique: Amethodological discussion. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 19(1), 180-186. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2648.1994.tb01066.x