Animal Bioscience

Asian Australasian Association of Animal Production Societies (아세아태평양축산학회)
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Effects of maize straw treated with various levels of CaO and moisture on composition, structure, and digestion by in vitro gas production

  • Shi, Mingjun (Tianjin Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Breeding and Healthy Husbandry, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Tianjin Agricultural University) ;
  • Ma, Zhanxia (Tianjin Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Breeding and Healthy Husbandry, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Tianjin Agricultural University) ;
  • Tian, Yujia (Tianjin Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Breeding and Healthy Husbandry, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Tianjin Agricultural University) ;
  • Zhang, Xuewei (Tianjin Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Breeding and Healthy Husbandry, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Tianjin Agricultural University) ;
  • Shan, Huiyong (College of Engineering and Technology, Tianjin Agricultural University)
  • Received : 2021.04.20
  • Accepted : 2021.07.21
  • Published : 2021.12.01
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Abstract

Objective: The objective of this study was to explore the effects of maize straw treated with calcium oxide (CaO) and various moisture, on the composition and molecular structure of the fiber, and gas production by fermentation in an in vitro rumen environment. Methods: The experiment used 4×3 Factorial treatment. Maize straws were treated with 4 concentrations of CaO (0%, 3%, 5%, and 7% of dry straw weight) and 3 moisture contents (40%, 50%, and 60%). Scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy were employed to measure the surface texture, secondary molecular structure of carbohydrate, and calcium (Ca) content of the maize straw, respectively. The correlation of secondary molecular structures and fiber components of maize straw were analyzed by CORR procedure of SAS 9.2. In vitro rumen fermentation was performed for 6, 12, 24, 48, and 72 h to measure gas production. Results: Overall, the moisture factor had no obvious effect on the experimental results. Neutral detergent fiber (NDF), acid detergent fiber, acid detergent lignin, hemicellulose and cellulose contents decreased (p<0.05) with increasing concentrations of CaO treatment. Surface and secondary molecular structure of maize straw were affected by various CaO and moisture treatments. NDF had positive correlation (p<0.01) with Cell-H (H, height), Cell-A (A, area), CHO-2-H. Hemicellulose had positive correlation (p<0.01) with Lignin-H, Lignin-A, Cell-H, Cell-A. Ca content of maize straw increased as the concentration of CaO was increased (p<0.01). Gas production was highest in the group treated with 7% CaO. Conclusion: CaO can adhere to the surface of the maize straw, and then improve the digestibility of the maize straw in ruminants by modifying the structure of lignocellulose and facilitating the maize straw for microbial degradation.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

The authors thank the Tianjin Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Breeding and Healthy Husbandry providing lab at the Tianjin Agricultural University; The authors especially thank Qingchang Ren for experiment assistance at Anhui University of Science and Technology. Thanks to Dr. Hongliang for his kind help and the suggestion of sentence structure. Thanks to Yuxin Wang for double checking the grammar of this paper. We appreciate the linguistic assistance provided by TopEdit (www.topeditsci.com) during the preparation of this manuscript. The current research was supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (31802089).

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